QE 
736 
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UC-NRLF 


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6.1 


UNIVERSITY  OF  WASHINGTON   PUBLICATIONS 

v^ 

. 

GEOLOGY 
Vol.  1,  No.  1,  pp.  1-67,  pis.  1-5  February,  1916 


CHARLES  E.  WEAVER 


SEATTLE.  WASH. 
PUBLISHED  BY  THE  UNIVERSITY 

1916 


"UttML  library,  UC  Santa  Cruz  1987 


John  B.  Reeside,  Jr. 
Memorial  Library 


UNIVERSITY  OF  WASHINGTON    PUBLICATIONS 

IN 

GEOLOGY 
Vol.  1,  No.  I,  pp.  1-67,  pis.  1-5  February,  1916 


TERTIARY   FAUNAL  HORIZONS 
OF  WESTERN  WASHINGTON 


by 
CHARLES  E.  WEAVER 


CONTENTS  Page 

Introduction 1 

Stratigraphy     2 

Eocene 3 

Oligocene     4 

Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone    4 

Turritella  porterensis  Zone 5 

Acila  gettysburgensis  Zone 5 

Lower  Miocene 6 

Upper  Miocene 7 

Faunal  Localities  in  Western  Washington 8 

Faunal  Lists  and  Geographical  Distribution 23 

Description  of  new  Species    31 

Plates    ,                                                                                                                                         .  57 


INTRODUCTION 

The  formations  of  Washington  west  of  the  summit  of  the  Cascades  are  almost 
entirely  of  Cenozoic  age  with  the  exception  of  the  central  core  of  the  Olympic- 
Peninsula,  the  San  Juan  Islands  and  portions  of  the  western  slope  of  the  Cascade 
Mountains.  The  surface  exposures  consist  largely  of  sands,  gravels  and  clays 
of  glacial  or  fluviatile  origin  and  were  deposited  during  the  Quaternary  epoch. 
However,  in  many  places  exposures  of  the  older  Tertiary  rocks  occur  projecting 
through  the  poorly  consolidated  sands  and  gravels. 

Because  of  the  isolated  occurrence  of  exposures  of  Tertiary  formations  it  is 
often  extremely  difficult  to  determine  the  stratigraphic  relationships  of  one  outcrop 
to  another.  Many  of  the  deposits  formed  contemporaneously  in  different  areas 


2  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

exhibit  marked  variations  in  lithologic  character.  Faulting  and  sometimes  fold- 
ing are  often  concealed  so  that  structural  relations  in  many  cases  cannot  be  solved. 
As  a  result  of  these  difficulties  it  becomes  very  necessary  to  secure  all  the  palaeon- 
tological  evidence  possible  to  aid  in  working  out  the  geologic  history  of  the  west- 
ern portion  of  the  state  and  to  correlate  this  history  with  that  of  other  regions 
to  the  north  and  south  along  the  Pacific  Coast. 

During  the  last  eight  years  detailed  studies  have  been  made  by  the  writer 
in  those  areas  where  formations  of  Tertiary  age  are  exposed.  The  stratigraphic 
relations  have  been  determined  wherever  possible.  An  especial  effort  has  been 
put  forth  to  make  extensive  collections  of  fossils  and  in  every  case  to  record  exactly 
where  these  collections  occur  within  the  stratigraphic  sections.  Among  the  more 
recent  collections  from  the  lower  Oligocene  formations  many  news  species  occur 
and  are  described  in  this  report.  A  list  of  localities  at  which  Tertiary  fossils 
have  been  collected  is  included  as  well  as  faunal  lists  of  all  species  within  the 
Tertiary  of  western  Washington. 

STRATIGRAPHY 

During  the  past  fifteen  years  investigations  on  the  geology  and  palaeontology 
of  the  Tertiary  formations  of  the  Pacific  Coast  have  been  carried  on  with  con- 
siderable zeal.  Because  of  the  economic  relationship  of  these  deposits  as  well 
as  the  excellent  exposures  in  the  field  the  major  portion  of  this  work  has  been 
done  in  California.  Up  to  the  present  time  there  has  been  lack  of  agreement 
among  many  of  the  workers  in  the  Coast  Ranges  of  California  as  to  how  the  de- 
posits should  be  classified  and  correlated  with  one  another.  This  condition  gives 
promise  of  settlement  in  the  near  future  and  presumably  a  standard  can  be  devel- 
oped which  can  be  used  as  a  basis  for  correlation  up  and  down  the  Pacific  Coast. 
Until  such  a  time  has  arrived  it  would  seem  undesirable  to  make  definite  correla- 
tions between  the  deposits  and  their  contained  faunas  in  the  north  with  those  in 
California.  Suggestions  as  to  apparent  close  relationships  might  well  be  recorded. 
Bearing  these  conditions  in  mind  it  would  appear  to  be  a  wise  policy  to  carry  on 
detailed  investigations  in  restricted  areas  and  place  the  results  upon  record  so 
that  at  a  later  date  they  may  be  available  for  generalizations.  The  main  purpose 
of  this  paper  is  to  bring  together  the  results  obtained  up  to  date  from  studies 
in  western  Washington  as  a  basis  for  more  detailed  studies  in  the  future. 

The  Tertiary  formations  of  western  Washington  consist  of  shales,  sandstones 
and  conglomerates  of  marine,  estuarine  and  brackish  water  origin  together  with 
intercalated  lavas  and  tuffs.  These  attain  a  total  maximum  aggregate  thickness 
of  thirty-four  thousand  feet,  all  of  which,  however,  is  not  represented  at  ^.ny  one 
locality.  These  materials  were  formed  during  the  Eocene,  Oligocene,  lower  Mio- 
cene and  upper  Miocene  epochs.  They  have  been  subjected  to  deformational  move- 
ments and  in  certain  areas  sharply  folded  and  sometimes  faulted.  A  considerable 
portion  of  their  original  volume  has  been  removed  by  erosion.  That  which  re- 
mains is  for  the  most  part  deeply  buried  beneath  deposits  of  glacial  drift. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  3 

EOCENE 

Igneous  and  sedimentary  deposits  of  Eocene  age  occur  in  the  western  foot- 
hills of  the  Cascade  Mountains,  in  southwestern  Washington,  in  portions  of  the 
Puget  Sound  Basin  and  around  the  margins  of  the  Olympic  Peninsula.  The  sedi- 
mentary deposits  within  the  western  Cascade  Mountains  are  almost  entirely  of 
fluviatile  and  estuarine  origin.  Those  in  southwestern  Washington  are  predomi- 
natingly marine.  The  intervening  area  extending  from  Puget  Sound  to  the  vi- 
cinity of  Portland,  Oregon,  contains  alternating  deposits  of  marine  and  brackish 
water  origin  together  with  bands  of  fresh  water  shales.  Basalts  and  basaltic 
tufts  are  commonly  intercalated  with  all  these  phases. 

In  King  and  Pierce  counties  Eocene  sedimentary  formations  attain  a  thick- 
ness of  at  least  ten  thousand  feet.  They  consist  of  non-marine  sandstones,  shales 
and  conglomerates  together  with  carbonaceous  shales  and  coal  seams  which  have 
been  more  or  less  intensely  folded.  Fossil  plant  remains  occur  within  these  de- 
posits but  no  marine  molluscan  remains  are  known.  A  few  brackish  water  fossils 
have  been  found,  several  species  of  which  occur  associated  with  the  marine  and 
brackish  waters  faunas  in  southwestern  Washington.  Strata  containing  marine 
fossils  occur  between  South  Seattle  and  Renton  and  are  characteristic  of  the 
upper  Eocene  or  Tejon  of  California.  These  strata  are  directly  interbedded  with 
the  estuarine  deposits  occurring  to  the  eastward  near  Coal  Creek  and  Franklin. 
Upon  the  evidence  afforded  by  the  occurrence  of  fossil  bearing  marine  Tejo  strata 
interbedded  with  the  purely  estuarine  phase  as  well  as  the  presence  of  typical 
Eocene  fossil  floras,  the  brackish  water  deposits  of  the  western  foothills  of  the 
Cascade  Mountains  are  correlated  with  the  typically  marine  Eocene  deposits  of 
southwestern  Washington. 

The  most  complete  section  of  the  Eocene  in  western  Washington  occurs  in 
southern  Lewis  County  along  Olequah  Creek  and  Cowlitz  River.  The  lower  por- 
tion of  this  section,  as  exposed  along  Stillwater  Creek  to  the  southwest  of  Vader 
and  as  far  south  as  Olequah,  is  of  marine  origin.  Stratigraphically  above  the  base 
these  strata  grade  into  those  of  brackish  water  origin  and  finally  into  those  con- 
taining a  fresh  water  fauna.  Still  higher  in  the  section  they  revert  back  to  a 
brackish  water  condition  and  finally  to  a  marine.  They  continue  as  marine  de- 
posits to  the  top  of  the  section.  The  total  thickness  of  the  section  as  measured 
from  Olequah  to  Winlock  is  approximately  4,000  feet.  Stratigraphically  below 
the  base  of  this  measured  section  there  are  approximately  6,000  feet  of  sediments 
and  intercalated  basalts. 

The  marine  faunas  occurring  within  the  measured  section  are  typically  upper 
Eocene  and  are  very  similar  to  the  Tejon  of  California.  The  uppermost  beds  as 
exposed  about  one  and  one  half  miles  east  of  the  town  of  Vader  on  Cowlitz  River 
at  fossil  localy  No.  (1)  are  possibly  the  equivalent  of  the  Rimella  simplex1  Zone 
of  the  Tejon  of  California.  The  strata  exposed  between  Vader  and  Olequah  are 


iDickerson,  R.  E.     Note  on   the  Faunal  Zones  of  the  Tejon  Group,  TJniv.   Calif.   Publ. 
Bull.   Dept.   Geol.,   Vol.   8.   pp.   17-25.   1914. 


4  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

certainly   older  than  those   one   and   one   half  miles   east  of   Vader   as   determined 
by   detailed   stratigraphic   measurements. 

A  list  of  all  known  species  occurring  in  the  Eocene  of  western  Washington 
as  well  as  the  localities  at  which  they  occur  may  be  referred  to  in  the  accompanying 
tables. 

OLIGOCENE 

Deposits  formed  during  the  Oligocene  epoch  are  for  the  most  part  of  marine 
origin.  They  attain  a  maximum  aggregate  thickness  of  nearly  15,000  feet  in  the 
Cape  Flattery  section.  In  the  Puget  Sound  Basin  and  in  southwestern  Washington 
they  range  in  thickness  from  1,000  to  10,000  feet.  Marine  fossils  are  abundant 
within  the  Oligocene  deposits  and  constitute  several  faunal  zones. 

There  does  not  seem  to  be  sufficient  evidence  to  divide  the  strata  of  the  Oli- 
gocene into  a  series  of  formations.  Possibly  future  studies  may  make  such  a 
procedure  desirable.  At  the  present  time  three  distinct  faunal  zones  can  be  rec- 
ognized and  the  deposits  in  which  these  faunas  occur  are  referred  to  as  the  Clallam 
formation.  The  faunal  zones  beginning  with  the  oldest  are  the  Molopophorous 
lincolnensis  Zone,  the  Turritella  porterensis  Zone  and  the  Acila  gettysburgensis 
Zone.  The  corresponding  sedimentary  deposits  containing  these  zones  may  be 
referred  to  as  the  Lincoln,  Porter  and  Blakeley  horizons.  The  term  horizon  is 
used  in  the  sense  of  a  deposit  formed  at  a  particular  time  and  identified  by  dis- 
tinctive fossils.  The  faunas  occurring  in  each  of  the  following  zones  are  distinct 
and  many  of  the  species  do  not  range  into  the  zones  below  or  above. 

Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone — The  type  section  in  which  this  fauna 
occurs  is  situated  in  Thurston  County  along  the  banks  of  the  Chehalis  River  be- 
tween five  and  ten  miles  west  of  the  city  of  Centralia  and  west  of  the  mouth  of 
Lincoln  Creek.  Strata  of  equivalent  age  occur  on  Porter  Creek  to  the  west, 
stratigraphically  below  the  Porter  Horizon  or  Turritella  porterensis  Zone.  Litho- 
logically  the  deposits  are  composed  of  somewhat  massive  sandy  shales  and  shaly 
sandstones  moderatly  consolidated. 

The  most  characteristic  species  of  this  zone  are:  Acila  schumardi,  Cardium 
lorenzanum  (Arnold),  Cras satellites  washingtonensis  Weaver,  Glycymeris  cheha- 
lisensis  n.  sp.,  Leda  washingtonensis  n.  sp.,  Pitaria  dalli  n.  sp.,  Macrocallista  pitts- 
burgensis  Dall,  Dentalium  substramineum  Conrad,  Calyptraea  excentrica  (Gabb), 
Exilia  dickersoni  Weaver,  Exilia  lincolnensis  n.  sp.,  Hemifusus  washingtonensis 
Weaver,  Drillia  hecoxi  (Arnold),  Natica  lincolnensis  n.  sp.,  Molopophorous  lincoln- 
ensis n.  sp.,  Strepsidura  washingtonensis  n.  sp.,  and  Turris  thurstonensis  n.  sp. 

Several  species  occurring  in  this  faunal  Zone  also  occur  in  the  typical  Tejon 
fauna  near  Vader.  The  following  species  have  been  noted  in  common:  Crassatel- 
lites  washingtonensis  Weaver,  Leda  gabbi  Conrad,  Solen  parallelus  Gabb,  Den- 
talium substramineum  Gabb,  Calyptraea  excentrica  (Gabb),  Exilia  dickersoni 
Weaver,  Hemifusus  washingtonensis  Weaver,  and  Strepsidura  washingtonensis 
n.  sp. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  5 

The  following  species  are  common  to  the  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone  and 
the  Turritella  porterensis  Zone:  Cardium  lorenzanum  (Arnold),  Crenella  porter- 
ensis  Weaver,  Dentalium  substramineum  Gabb,  Drillia  hecoxi  (Arnold),  and  Natica 
•washingtonensis  n.  sp. 

Such  forms  as  Marcia  oregonensis  Conrad,  Phacoides  acutilineatus  Conrad, 
Thyasira  bisecta  (Conrad),  and  Thracia  trapezoidea  Conrad  are  entirely  absent 
from  the  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone,  although  they  are  among  the  most 
characteristic  species  in  the  Turritella  porterensis  Zone  at  Porter.  The  fauna  as 
a  whole  is  distinct  from  the  Tejon  fauna  below  as  well  as  the  Turritella  porterensis 
Zone  above. 

Turritella  porterensis  Zone — The  starta  in  which  this  zone  is  typically  rep- 
resented are  located  in  Chehalis  County  in  the  region  where  Porter  Creek  joins 
Chehalis  River.  Fossiliferous  marine  strata  occur  along  the  bluffs  of  Chehalis 
River  both  east  and  west  of  the  town  of  Porter.  These  faunas  are  distinctly  differ- 
ent from  the  underlying  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone  as  well  as  the  Acila 
gettysburgensis  Zone  of  the  Puget  Sound  region.  The  most  common  species  oc- 
curring in  this  zone  are:  Cardium  lorenzanum  (Arnold),  Crenella  porterensis 
Weaver,  Malletia  chehalisensis  Arnold,  Marcia  oregonensis  (Conrad),  Thracia  tra- 
pezoidea Conrad,  Thyasira  bisecta  (Conrad),  Phacoides  acutilineatus  (Conrad), 
Drillia  hecoxi  (Arnold),  Exilia  lincolnenses  n.  sp.,  and  Turritella  porterensis 
Weaver. 

Those  forms  which  are  commmon  to  this  Zone  as  well  as  to  the  Molopophorous 
lincolnensis  Zone  have  already  been  mentioned.  Many  of  the  species  occurring  in 
this  zone  are  very  common  in  the  Acila  gettysburgensis  Zone  and  it  is  possible  that 
the  extreme  lower  portion  of  the  stratigraphic  section  exposed  at  the  entrance  to 
the  Bremerton  Navy  Yard  may  be  the  equivalent  of  the  upper  beds  at  Porter. 
However,  such  species  as  Acila  gettysburgensis  Reagan,  Macrocallista  vespertina 
(Conrad),  Modiolus  directus  Dall,  Panope  generosa  (Gould),  Eudolium  petrosum 
Conrad,  Turcicula  washingtoniana  Dall  and  Turritella  porterensis  Weaver  which 
are  very  characteristic  of  the  Acilia  gettysburgensis  Zone  are  entirely  absent  from 
the  Turritella  porterensis  Zone. 

Acila  gettysburgensis  Zone — The  type  section  of  the  Acila  gettysburgensis 
Zone  is  to  be  found  within  the  strata  outcropping  at  the  entrance  to  the  Bremer- 
ton Navy  Yard.  Excellent  exposures  containing  marine  fossils  occur  at  the  south 
end  of  Bainbridge  Island  and  also  on  the  opposite  shore  to  the  south.  The  de- 
posits consist  of  interbedded  massive  conglomerates  and  medium  grained  sandy 
shales  possessing  a  thickness  of  at  least  9,000  feet.  The  lowermost  exposed  strata 
outcrop  at  Orchard  Point  and  the  highest  on  the  north  shores  of  Blakeley  Harbor. 
Detailed  stratigraphic  surveys  show  that  the  conglomerates  at  Orchard  Point  are 
below  the  sandstones  and  shales  at  Beans  Point  on  Bainbridge  Island  and  that 
the  beds  at  Beans  Point  are  about  two  thousasd  feet  below  the  fossiliferous  strata 
at  Restoration  Point.  The  fauna  occurring  in  the  lower  portion  of  the  Bremerton 


6  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

Inlet  section  are  identical  with  those  at  the  well  known  locality  just  north  of  Res- 
toration Point. 

This  faunal  zone  is  represented  within  the  city  limits  of  Seattle,  Newcastle 
Hills,  Cathcart  near  Snohomish  and  along  the  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  from  a  point 
two  miles  west  of  Gettysburg  westerly  to  a  point  half  way  between  Twin  River 
and  Pysht.  The  conglomerates  and  overlying  shales  exposed  along  the  north  por- 
tion of  Cape  Flattery  and  along  the  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  easterly  to  the  mouth 
of  Sekiu  River  also  contain  faunas  belonging  to  this  zone. 

The  species  which  are  most  commonly  and  abundantly  found  within  this  zone 
are  Acila  gettysburgensis  Reagan,  Macrocallista  vespertina  (Conrad),  Marcia  ore- 
gonensis  (Conrad),  Modiolus  rectus  Dall,  Panope  generosa  (Gould),  Phacoides 
acutilineatus  (Conrad),  Spisula  albaria  (Conrad),  Solemya  ventricosta  Conrad, 
Tellina  oregonensis  Conrad,  Thracia  trapezoidea  Conrad,  Thyasira  bisecta  (Con- 
rad), Crepidula  praerupta  Conrad,  Eudolium  petrosum  Conrad,  Miopleiona  indu- 
rata  Conrad,  Turcicula  washingtoniana  Dall  and  Turritella  blakeleyensis  Weaver. 

LOWER  MIOCENE 

At  the  close  of  the  Oligocene  epoch  there  appears  to  have  been  a  predom- 
inately upward  movement  of  the  sea  floor  over  a  large  part  of  western  Washington. 
The  present  site  of  the  Puget  Sound  Basin  may  have  become  a  land  area  insomuch 
as  no  deposits  of  lower  Miocene  age  are  known  to  occur  within  it.  Marine  de- 
posits of  this  age  occur  along  the  north  shore  of  the  Olympic  Peninsula  between 
Clallam  Bay  and  Pysht.  In  this  region  they  possess  a  thickness  of  at  least  5,000 
feet  and  consist  largely  of  coarse  grained  massive  sandstones,  conglomerates  and 
minor  amounts  of  shales.  Strata  of  the  same  age  occur  in  Wahkiakum  County  on 
the  Alockaman  River  about  twelve  miles  north  of  the  town  of  Cathlamet,  as  well 
as  in  portions  of  the  Grays  Harbor  region.  The  faunas  within  these  deposits  have 
a  very  close  relationship  to  the  Area  montereyana  Zone  of  California.  The  strata 
containing  them  may  be  the  equivalent  of  the  Monterey  Formation  of  California. 
It  is  possible,  however,  that  the  Lower  Miocene  strata  of  Washington  may  rep- 
resent a  greater  or  less  geologic  range  than  the  deposits  do  in  California  which  are 
commonly  referred  to  as  the  Monterey  Formation.  Temporarily  only  a  suggested 
correlation  is  made  and  the  strata  containing  the  Area  montereyana  fauna  in  Wash- 
ington will  be  referred  to  as  the  Wahkiakum  Horizon.2 

A  complete  list  of  the  species  occurring  within  the  Area  montereyana  Zone 
may  be  found  in  the  faunal  lists  of  the  Post-Tejon  accompanying  this  report.  The 
following  species  are  most  characteristic  of  this  zone:  Area  montereyana  Osmont, 
Chione  securis  Shumard,  Diplodonta  parilis  Conrad,  Pecten  propatulus  Conrad, 
Pecten  fucanus  Arnold,  Tellina  arctata  Conrad,  Panope  generosa  (Gould),  Pha- 
coides acutilineatus  (Conrad),  Spisula  albaria  (Conrad),  Tellina  oregonensis  Con- 


aWeaver,    C.    E.,    "A    Preliminary    Report    on    the    Tertiary    Palaeontology    of    Western 
Washington,"   Bull.    15,    Wash.    Geol.    Surv.,    pp.    19,    1912. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  7 

rad,  Venericardia  quadrata  Dall,  Chione  olympidea  Reagan,  Chione  clallamensis 
Reagan,  Ficus  clallamensis  Weaver,  Crepidula  praerupta  Conrad,  Fusinus  stan- 
fordensis  (Arnold),  Polynices  saxea  (Conrad),  Sinum  scopulosum  Conrad,  Denta- 
lium  conradi  Dall  and  Aturia  angustata  Conrad. 

UPPER  MIOCENE 

There  is  ample  evidence  in  Washington  that  there  occurred  during  the  middle 
Miocene  the  most  marked  crustal  movements  since  the  close  of  the  Jurassic.  The 
upper  Miocene  strata  are  everywhere  unconformable  upon  the  older  rocks.  The 
great  unconformity  of  the  middle  Miocene  is  not  confined  to  the  state  of  Wash- 
ington alone,  but  is  just  as  well  defined  in  Oregon  and  California.  Near  the 
close  of  the  lower  Miocene  epoch  the  larger  part  of  western  Washington  appears 
to  have  been  elevated  above  sea  level  and  the  older  Tertiary  sediments  more  or 
less  folded.  Early  in  the  upper  Miocene  two  new  embayments  were  developed. 
One  of  these  occupied  a  part  of  the  Grays  Harbor  region  and  the  other  covered  a 
small  area  near  the  mouth  of  the  Quillayute  River  in  southwestern  Clallam  County. 
In  the  former  area  at  least  5,000  feet  of  sediments  accumulated  and  in  the  latter 
about  1,000  feet.  These  deposits  consist  for  the  most  part  of  coarse  grained 
brownish  sandstones  and  conglomerates  together  with  minor  amounts  of  shales  and 
sandy  shales. 

These  sediments  may  be  the  equivalent  of  the  Empire  Formation  of  Oregon 
and  the  San  Pablo  of  California.  It  is  impossible  with  present  evidence  to  de- 
termine whether  they  represent  more  or  less.  These  deposits  have  formerly  been 
referred  to  by  the  writer  as  the  Montesano  formation  but  if  at  some  later  time 
there  is  direct  proof  that  they  are  the  equivalent  of  the  Empire  formation,  the 
present  name  can  be  dropped  and  the  term  Empire  be  adopted  for  the  upper  Mio- 
cene of  both  Oregon  and  Washington.  There  is  very  little  variation  in  the  char- 
acter of  the  contained  faunas  from  the  base  to  the  top  of  the  formation.  The 
faunas,  however,  occurring  at  the  mouth  of  Queniult  River  may  represent  a  slightly 
higher  zone.  The  term  Yoldia  strigata  Zone  is  applied  to  the  faunas  occurring 
within  this  formation  from  the  persistent  occurrence  of  this  most  common  species. 

The  following  species  are  most  characteristic  of  this  zone:  Area  trilineata 
Conrad,  Cardium  meekianum  Gabb,  Macoma  astori  Dall,  Mulinea  alia  Weaver, 
Mulinea  undulifera  Weaver,  Pecten  coosensis  Schumard,  Solen  sicarius  Gould, 
Yoldia  strigata  Dall,  Argobuccinum  cammani  Dall,  Chrysodomus  imperiallis  Dall, 
Phalium  aequisulcatum  Dall,  Sinum  scopulosum  and  Scutella  gabbii  Remond.  All 
of  the  species  occurring  within  this  zone  are  entirely  marine  types. 

All  of  western  Washington  with  the  possible  exception  of  the  Strait  of  Juan 
de  Fuca  appears  to  have  been  a  land  area.  No  marine  deposits  are  known  to  occur 
within  the  state  younger  in  age  than  those  at  the  mouth  of  Queniult  River  with  the 
exception  of  late  Pleistocene  beach  sands  about  the  shores  of  Puget  Sound.  The 
history  of  the  Pliocene  in  western  Washington  must  be  sought  in  terms  of  diastro- 
phism  and  erosion. 


University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

FAUNAL  LOCALITIES  IN  WESTERN  WASHINGTON 


One  and  one  half  miles  east  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  on  the  west  bank  of  Cowlitz 
River  in  massive  sandy  shales  of  marine  origin,  situated  in  Section  27,  Township  11 
North,  Range  2  West.  Tejon  series,  upper  Eocene.  Old  locality  3003. 


On  Olequah  Creek  about  one  mile  above  the  junction  of  Olequah  and  Stillwater 
creeks,  back  of  the  old  Cantwell  place,  in  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2 
West.  Tejon  series,  upper  Eocene.  Old  locality  3002. 

3 

On  a  small  creek  about  one  third  mile  from  its  junction  with  Brinn  Creek,  under 
an  old  bridge,  in  Section  25,  Township  11  North,  Range  3  West.  Tejon  series,  upper 
Eocene.  Old  locality  3001. 

5 

In  Lewis  County  at  a  ledge  just  above  the  junction  of  Olequah  and  Stillwater 
creeks  at  Vader  in  Section  32,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Upper  Eocene.  Old 
locality  3004. 

6 

In  Lewis  County  one  mile  west  of  junction  of  Stillwater  and  Olequah  creeks  on 
the  former  in  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Upper  Eocene.  Old  lo- 
cality 3005. 

7 

On  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  one  and  one  half  miles  north  from  Inman  Poison 
Logging  Company's  store. 

8 

In  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  one  mile  north  from  Inman  Poison  Logging 
Company's  store,  in  brackish  water  shales,  in  Section  35,  Township  9  North,  Range  3 
West.  Old  locality  3007. 

9 

In  Northern  Pacific  Railway  cut  one  hundred  feet  east  of  Seattle  Brewing  &  Malt- 
ing Company's  brewery  at  Georgetown,  South  Seattle,  in  Section  20,  Township  24  North, 
Range  4  East.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  3008. 

10 

About  one  thousand  feet  south  of  Alki  Point,  West  Seattle,  in  Oligocene  shales  out- 
cropping at  the  waters  edge  in  Section  15,  Township  24  North,  Range  3  East.  Old 
locality  3009. 

11 

At  northeast  corner  of  rock  outlier  at  Duwamish  station  in  Section  10,  Township 
23  North,  Range  4  East.  Tejon  series,  upper  Eocene.  Marine  sandstone.  Old  locality 
3010. 

12 

In  Northern  Pacific  Railway  cut  one  half  mile  north  of  Cathcart  Station,  Snohomish 
County,  in  Section  6,  Township  27  North,  Range  6  East.  Locally  known  as  Fiddlers 
Bluff.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  3011. 

13 

In  marine  sandstones  on  north  side  of  Restoration  Point,  Kitsap  County,  opposite 
Seattle,  in  Section  12,  Township  24  North,  Range  2  East.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  3012. 

14 

On  the  south  fork  of  Ostrander  Creek  two  hundred  feet  south  from  a  point  where 
the  logging  road  crosses,  which  is  1130  feet  from  the  town  of  Ostrander.  In  Section  12, 
Township  8  North,  Range  2  West,  in  brackish  water  upper  Eocene  shales. 

18 

In  Cowlitz  County  in  Coal  Creek  6500  feet  up  creek  from  Inman  Poison  Logging 
Company's  store.  In  Section  35,  Township  9  North,  Range  3  West.  Upper  Eocene.  Old 
locality  135. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  9 

20 

In  Cowlitz  County  13,000  feet  up  Coal  Creek  from  wagon  bridge  crossing.  Upper 
Eocene.  Old  locality  136. 

21 

In  Cowlitz  County  14,000  feet  up  Coal  Creek  from  wagon  bridge  crossing.  Upper 
Eocene.  Old  locality  137-B. 

22 

On  east  side  of  Ilwaco  Point  in  Section  4,  Township  9  North,  Range  11  West, 
in  shales  which  are  interbedded  with  basalts.  At  traverse  station  32. 

23 

In  bluff  on  north  side  of  Columbia  River  one  half  mile  east  of  the  town  of  Ilwaco 
in  Section  34,  Township  10  North,  Range  9  West.  Probably  Oligocene. 

24 

At  Knappton,  Pacific  County,  on  north  side  of  Columbia  River  in  bluff  back  of 
cook  house  of  Knappton  Lumber  Mill  in  Section  8,  Township  9  North,  Range  9  West. 
Oligocene.  Old  locality  139. 

25 

In  Pacific  County  in  bank  of  Nasel  River  two  and  one  half  miles  east  of  the  town 
of  Nasel  in  Section  11,  Township  10  North,  Range  9  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  140. 

27 

In  Pacific  County  700  feet  up  Alder  Creek  from  its  junction  with  the  east  fork  of 
Nasel  River  in  Section  15,  Township  11  North,  Range  8  West,  in  a  fine  dark  colored  tuf- 
faceous  shale  interbedded  with  tuffs  and  basalts.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  151. 

28 

In  Pacific  County  12,000  feet  up  Hull  Creek  from  the  hotel  at  town  of  Gray's  River 
in  Section  6,  Township  10  North,  Range  7  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  154. 

29 

In  Pacific  County  15,000  feet  up  Hull  Creek  from  the  hotel  at  town  of  Gray's  River 
in  Section  6,  Township  10  North,  Range  7  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  155. 

30 

Sea  cliff  between  Point  Grenville  and  Taholah  in  Section  13,  Township  21  North, 
Range  13  West.  Upper  Miocene. 

31 

In  railway  cut,  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  half  mile  west  of  Lincoln  Creek  Station, 
Lewis  County,  in  Section  36,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West.  Oligocene.  Old  local- 
ity 181. 

32 

West  of  the  county  wagon  bridge  over  Lincoln  Creek  in  sandy  shale,  near  Lincoln 
Creek  Station.  Old  locality  180. 

33 

Six  thousand  feet  east  of  Helsing  Junction  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  in  Thurs- 
ton  County.  Eocene.  Old  locality  182. 

34 

In  Pacific  County  on  grays  River  two  miles  beyond  its  junction  with  Blaney  Creek 
in  Section  19,  Township  11  North,  Range  6  West,  in  a  dark  tuffaceous  shale.  Oligo- 
cene. Old  locality  158. 

35 

In  Pacific  County  on  Nemah  River  at  wagon  bridge  crossing,  four  miles  east  of 
Nemah  post  office  in  Section  33,  Township  12  North,  Range  8  West.  Shales  interbedded 
with  basalt.  Old  locality  167. 

36 

Exposure  at  old  wagon  road  trestle  along  Willapa  River  at  the  town  of  Willapa. 
In  Section  22,  Township  14  North,  Range  7  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  170. 

37 

In  Pacific  County  at  Northern  Pacific  Railway  bridge  below  Lebam  Station  in  Sec- 
tion 6,  Township  12  North,  Range  7  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  175. 


10  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

38 

At    bridge    over    Chehalis    River    northwest    of    Pe    Ell    station    at    power    station    in 
Section    34,    Township    13   North,   Range    5   West.     Old   locality   176. 

39 

One    mile    northwest    of    Pe    Ell    station    in    Lewis    County    on    west    side    of    Chehalis 
River,   in   Section   33,   Township   13   North,  Range   5   West.     Old  locality   177   A. 

40 
In   Northern   Pacific   Railway  cut   67   miles    north   of   Portland. 


In  bank  of  small  creek  below  Booth's  house  near  junction  with  Stillwater  Creek, 
in  Section  25,  Township  11  North,  Range  3  West. 

42 

In  railway  cut  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  two  thousand  feet  east  of  the  Oakville  wagon 
bridge  over  Chehalis  River,  in  Section  1,  Township  15  North,  Range  5  West.  Upper 
Eocene.  Old  locality  184. 

43 

In  the  bluff  of  Lankner  Creek,  Chehalis  county,  16,000  feet  up  from  the  O.-W.  R.  R. 
&  N.  crossing  in  Section  25,  Township  17  North,  Range  6  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality 
185. 

44 

In  the  bluff  of  Lankner  Creek,  Chehlais  County,  18,000  feet  up  from  the  O.-W.  R.  R. 
&  N.  Co.  crossing  in  Section  25,  Township  17  North,  Range  6  West.  Oligocene.  Old 
locality  187. 

45 

In  the  bluff  of  Lankner  creek,  Chehalis  County,  25,000  feet  up  from  the  O.-W.  R.  R. 
&  N.  Co.  crossing  in  Section  33,  Township  17  North,  Range  6  West. 

46 

In  Chehalis  County  in  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  cut  at  culvert  38  east,  24,000  feet  west 
from  South  Elma,  in  Section  7,  Township  17  North,  Range  6  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old 
locality  263. 

47 

Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  cut  1000  feet  south  from  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N. 
Co.'s  track  in  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene. 

49 

In  Section  25,  Township  16  North,  Range  8  West,  on  North  River,  Chehalis  County. 
Lower  Miocene. 

50 

In  the  banks  of  Wynoochee  River,  Chehalis  County,  35,000  feet  north  of  Otter  Post 
Office  and  12,000  feet  south  of  Reinkens'  farm  in  Section  22,  Township  19  North,  Range  8 
West.  Upper  Miocene. 

51 

500    feet   north   of   locality    50    on  Wynoochee   River,   Chehalis   County. 

52 

In  bluff  on  Wishkah  River,  northwestern  part  of  Aberdeen,  at  a  point  where  road 
to  Grand  Forks  first  reaches  river  after  leaving  Aberdeen  in  Section  9,  Township  17 
North,  Range  9  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality  711. 

53 

Wahkiakum  County  in  west  bank  of  Alockaman  River  in  Section  35,  Township  10 
North,  Range  5  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  number  210.  Area  trtltnenta  abund- 
ant in  nodules. 

54 

400  feet  south  of  locality  number  53  in  west  bank  of  Alockaman  River.  Fossils 
abundant.  Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  211. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  11 

56 

In  bank  of  creek  in  N.  W.  %  of  Section  6,  Township  9  North,  Range  5  West,  in 
Wahkiakum  County.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  213. 

57 

In  bluff  on  branch  of  Wilson  Creek  in  Section  36,  Township  10  North,  Range  6 
West,  Wahkiakum  County.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  214. 

58 

Nasel  River.  On  rentier's  ranch,  one  mile  west  of  point  where  wagon  road  crosses 
to  south  side.  Oligocene. 

59 

On  Fossil  Creek  near  log  dam  in  east  part  of  Section  10  and  west  part  of  Section  11, 
Township  10  North,  Range  6  West,  in  Wahkiakum  County.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  29. 

60 

Bluff  on  Chehalis  River  along  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  track  at  milepost  37,  about  four 
miles  west  of  South  Elma,  in  Section  11,  Township  17  North,  Range  7  West.  Upper 
Miocene.  Old  locality  50. 

61 

Vance  logging  road  at  old  milepost  in  coarse  grained  sandstone  in  Section  28,  Town- 
ship 18  North,  Range  6  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality  51. 

63 

East  branch  of  Clements  logging  road  south  of  Montesano  in  Chehalis  County 
in  the  Northwest  %  of  Section  28  Township  17  North,  Range  7  West.  Lower  Miocene. 
Old  locality  54. 

64 

East  branch  of  Clements  logging  road  one  half  mile  east  of  where  county  wagon 
road  crosses,  in  Section  27,  Township  17  North,  Range  7  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old 
locality  55. 

65 

On  east  branch  of  Clements  logging  road  one  half  mile  east  of  where  county  wagon 
road  crosses  in  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  7  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old 
locality  56. 

66 

On  east  branch  of  Clements  logging  road,  one  mile  west  of  county  wagon  road 
intersection  in  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  7  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old 
locality  57. 

67 

Bluff  on  Chehalis  Logging  Company  road  one  mile  west  of  Montesano  in  Section  6, 
Township  17  North,  Range  7  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  58. 

68 

Logging  railway  cut  on  Sylvia  Creek  in  a  conglomerate  of  upper  Miocene  age,  in  Sec- 
tion 32,  Township  18  .North,  Range  7  West.  Old  locality  59. 

69 

Along  logging  railway  in  cut  on  Sylvia  creek,  one  half  mile  north  of  locality  68  in 
conglomerates.  Upper  Miocene. 

70 

500  feet  north  of  junction  of  north  branch  of  east  fork  of  Wilson  Creek  in  Wahkia- 
kum County  on  former,  in  Section  36,  Township  10  North,  Range  6  West. 

71 

Two  miles  up  middle  fork  of  Skamokawa  River  from  junction  with  main  river  in 
Wahkiakum  County,  Section  32,  Township  10  North,  Range  6  West.  Oligocene.  Old  lo- 
cality 216. 

72 

Wahkiakum  County,  on  McDonald  Creek,  two  miles  above  its  junction  with  the 
middle  fork  of  Wilson  Creek,  in  Section  28,  Township  10  North,  Range  6  West.  Oligo- 
cene. Old  locality  217. 


12  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

73 

Station  31  on  Nasel  River  traverse  line,  Pacific  County,  Section  6,  Township  10 
North,  Range  8  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  223. 

74 

Station  34,  Nasel  River  traverse  line,  Pacific  County,  in  Section  6,  Township  10 
North,  Range  8  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  224  a. 

75 

Station  73,  Nasel  River  traverse  line,  Pacific  County,  in  Section  25,  Township  li 
North,  Range  9  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  229. 

76 

Station  16,  Nasel  River  traverse  line,  Pacific  County,  in  Section  6,  Township  10 
North,  Range  8  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  231. 

77 

Station  22,  Nasel  River  traverse  line,  Pacific  County,  in  Section  6,  Township  10 
North,  Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  233. 

80 

1600  feet  above  first  railroad  bridge  on  Willapa  River  below  Holcomb  in  Section  25, 
Township  13  North,  Range  8  West.  In  Oligocene  shales.  Old  locality  240. 

81 

One  half  mile  up  Green  Creek  from  Willapa  River  in  Pacific  County  in  Section  26, 
Township  13  North,  Range  8  West.  Oligocene.  Old  locality  241. 

82 
1200  feet  above  highway  bridge  near  mouth  of  Green  Creek.     Old  locality  242. 

83 

7050  feet  up  Green  Creek  from  Willapa  River,  Pacific  County.  Oligocene.  Old  local- 
ity 243. 

84 

7750  feet  up  Green  Creek  from  Willapa  River,  Pacific  County.     Oligocene.     Old   locality 
244. 

85 

8250  feet  up  Green  Creek  from  Willapa  River,  Pacific  County,  in  Oligocene  shales. 
Old  locality  245. 

86 

8880  feet  up  Green  Creek  from  Willapa  River,  Pacific  County  in  Oligocene  shales. 
Old  locality  246. 

87 

11,350  feet  up  Green  Creek  from  Willapa  River,  Pacific  County,  in  Oligocene  shales. 
Old  locality  247. 

90 

In  bluff  north  side  Chehalis  River  2240  feet  west  of  Porter  station  along  Northern 
Pacific  Railway  track.  Oligocene.  Chehalis  County  in  Section  21,  Township  17  North, 
Range  5  West.  Old  locality  260. 

92 

On  North  River  branch  of  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  grade  3000  feet 
north  of  point  where  wagon  road  goes  up  Vesta  Creek,  near  Chamber's  farm,  Chehalis 
County,  Section  25,  Township  16  North,  Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  265. 

93 

22,000  feet  up  Wynoochee  River  from  Otter  Post  Office,  in  S.  W.  *4  of  Section  5, 
Township  18  North,  Range  8  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality  270. 

94 

Bluff  back  of  Lincoln  School  in  Hoquiam,  Chehalis  County.  Poorly  preserved  speci- 
mens of  Scutella  Gabbl.  Upper  Miocene. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  18 

96 

28,000  feet  up  Falls  Creek  from  Brooklyn  in  Pacific  County,   in  Section  10,  Township 
15  North,  Range  6  West.     Old  locality  281. 

97 

In   Section   34,   Township   15   North,   Range   7   West,   in   a   small   creek  entering  North 
River  just  north  of   Chehalis-Pacific  County  line.     Lower  Miocene.     Old   locality   282. 

98 

Bluff    on    Willapa    River,    between    Holcomb    and    the    railroad    bridge    west    of    town 
in   Section   36,   Township  13   North,   Range   8   West.     Oligocene.     Old  locality   283. 

99 

On  Wishkah   River  wagon  road  one   mile   north   of   Aberdeen   in   Section   4,   Township 
17   North,  Range  9   West.     Upper  Miocene.     Old  locality  191. 

100 

On  wagon  road  cut  up  Wishkah   River  road  one  and  one   half  miles   below  Wishkah 
Post  Office  in  Section  11,  Township  18  North,  Range  9  West.     Old  locality  192. 

101 

One   mile    beyond   Wishkah   Post   Office   in   bank   of   river   in   Section   35,    Township    19 
North,   Range  9  West.     Upper  Miocene.     Old  locality  193. 

102 

Station   837   Neah  Bay-Cape   Flattery  traverse.    About  one   half  mile  west  of  Kaitlab 
Point  in   the   cliffs.     Oligocene. 

103 

At   station   996,   Neah   Bay-Cape   Flattery   traverse.      About   one   mile   west   of   Kaitlah 
Poi"t   in   the  sea  cliffs.     Lower  Miocene. 

105 

About    200   feet  east   of   Slip   Point   light   house,   west   of   Clallam   Bay   on   coast   line. 
Lower  Miocene.     Old   locality   92. 

109  to  109 

At  base  of  cliff,  Slip  Point,  east  of  Clallam  Bay  on  coast.     Lower  Miocene.     Old  locality 
92  A. 

Ill 

Mouth   of  Maxfield   Creek   in   southwest    %    of   northwest    %    of   Section   28,   Township 
28   North,   Range   14   West.     Old   locality   94. 

112 

Southeast   %   of  northwest   *A   of  Section  16,  Township  28  North,  Range  14  West.     Old 
locality    95. 

113 
20  feet  east  of  line  of  Lot  1,  Section   27,  Township  28  North,  Range  14   West. 

114 

Northeast  %   of  northwest   &   of  Section  27,  Township  28  North,  Range  14  West.     Old 
locality    96. 

115 

In  brown  sandstone  on  Soleduck  River  bluff  about  center  of  Section  20,  Township  28 
North,   Range   14   West.     Old  locality  97. 

117 

Station   161,   Wishkah   River   traverse.     Tn   bank  of   river   in   Section   30,   Township   20 
North,   Range    8    West,    Chehalis   County.     Upper   Miocene.     Old   locality   2032. 

118 

Middle  fork  of  Wishkah  River  300  feet  south  of  locality  117   in  bank  of  river.     Up- 
per  Miocene.      Old   locality   2033. 

'    119 

Middle  fork  of  Wishkah  River  1200  feet  south  of  locality  117  in  bank  of  river.     Up- 
per Miocene.     Old  locality   2033A. 


14  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

120 

Middle  fork  of  Wishkah  River  100  feet  south  of  locality  117  in  bank  of  river.  Upper 
Miocene.  Old  locality  2034. 

121 

Middle  branch  of  Wishkah  River  in  east  central  part  of  Section  31.  Township  20 
North,  Range  8  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality  2035. 

122 

Middle  branch  of  Wishkah  River,  800  feet  west  of  locality  121.  Upper  Miocene.  Old 
locality  2036. 

123 

Middle  branch  of  Wishkah  River  in  south  central  part  of  Section  36,  Township  20 
North,  Range  9  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality  2037. 

124 

Middle  branch  of  Wishkah  River  1000  feet  southwest  of  locality  123.  Upper  Miocene. 
Old  locality  2038. 

125 

Middle  branch  of  Wishkah  River  in  southwest  %  of  Section  1,  Township  19  North, 
Range  9  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality  2039. 

126 

One  and  one  half  miles  north  of  Hoquiam  on  road  to  Copalis  in  a  cut  on  west  side 
of  road,  in  Section  34,  Township  18  North,  Range  10  West.  Upper  Miocene.  Old  locality 
901. 

128 

At  Survey  Stake  388  on  North  River  branch  of  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Rail- 
way in  Chehalis  County  in  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  8  West.  Lower 
Miocene.  Old  locality  903. 

129 

In  south  bank  of  south  fork  of  Stillaguamish  River  in  Section  11,  Township  30 
North,  Range  6  East,  Snohomish  County.  Oligocene. 

130 

On  west  bank  of  Wilson  Creek,  Pacific  County,  one  mile  west  of  Willapa  Post  Office, 
in  Section  21,  Township  14  North,  Range  8  West.  Oligocene. 

131 

Logging  railroad  cut  one  mile  west  of  Montesano,  Chehalis  County,  in  Section  1, 
Township  17  North,  Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene. 

132 

North  River  branch  of  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway,  300  feet  south  and 
up  hill  from  culvert  38  of  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  track  in  Section  29,  Township  17  North, 
Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  1000. 

133 

North  River  branch  of  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway,  200  feet  to  the  south- 
west from  locality  132. 

135 

Railway  cut  on  North  River  branch  of  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  in 
the  northeast  %  of  the  northwest  %  of  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  8  West. 
Lower  Miocene.  Old  locality  1008. 

136 
Railroad  cut  300  feet  west  of  locality  135.     Lower  Miocene.     Old  locality  1009. 

137 

Bluff  in  wagon  road  along  east  side  of  Wynoochee  River  one  mile  south  of  Bitter 
Creek  in  Section  35,  Township  18  North,  Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene. 

138 

In  bank  of  Wynoochee  River  along  wagon  road  600  feet  north  of  station  137.  Lower 
Miocene. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  15 

140 

Cut  In  south  side  of  "Think  of  Me"   hill   in  East  Aberdeen,   Chehalis   County.     Upper 
Miocene.  , 

141 
Northern    Pacific    Railway    cut    3000    feet    east    of    locality    140,    Aberdeen. 

142 
Northern   Pacific  Railway   cut   270   feet   east  of  locality   141,   Aberdeen. 

144 

Stratum    20   feet   stratigraphically   above   that   at   locality   142    in    the   Northern    Pacific 
Railway   cut   east   of   Aberdeen. 

145 
In  cut  at  Aberdeen,   Chehalis  County,   at   corner  Summit  and   Chehalis  streets. 

14R 

Survey  stake  110  on  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  at  Cosmopolis,  Chehalis 
County,    in    section    23,    Township    17    North,    Range    9    West.      Upper    Miocene. 

147 

Railroad  cut  on  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  track  400  feet  east  of  locality 
146. 

148 

Ocean    bluff    one    mile    north    of    Point    Grenville    in    Section    13,    Township    21    North. 
Range  13  "West.     Upper  Miocene. 

151 

Log   dam   number   35    on   the    west   fork    of   "Wishkah    River   in    Section    35,    Township 
20  North,  Range  9  "West.     Upper  Miocene.     Old  locality  number  100.006. 

152 
100  feet  south  of  locality  151  in  canyon  of  West  branch  of  Wishkah  River. 

154 
North  side  of  Restoration   Point,   Kitsap   County.      Oligocene. 

155 

Small    creek    emptying    into    Coal    Creek,    King    County    in    Section    23,    Township    24 
North,    Range    5    East.      Oligocene. 

156 

Southeast   quarter,    Section    13,   Township   24   North,   Range    5   East,   one   mile   west   of 
Lake  Sammammish,  King  County.     Oligocene. 

157 

One  mile  east  of  locality  156  in  Section  14,  Township  24  North,  Range  5  East.     Lower 
Miocene. 

158 

One  fourth  mile  north  of  Woodman's  station  on  shore  of  Port  Discovery  Bay  in  Sec- 
tion  5,   Township  29  North,  Range   1   West.     Oligocene. 

159 
300  feet  north  of  locality  158  on  east  shore  of  Port  Discovery  Bay. 

160 

Bluff  at  Porter  Station  in  N.  P.  Railroad  cut  in  Section  22,  Township  17  North,  Range 
4    West.      Oligocene. 

161 

In   wagon    road   cut   one    half   mile    east    of   Porter   in    Section    27,    Township    17    North, 
Range    4     West.       Oligocene. 

162 

On   western    shore,    Port   Townsend    Bay,    in    Section    36,    Township    30    North,    Range    1 
West.      Oligocene. 


16  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

163 

On  western  shore  Port  Townsend  Bay  in  Section  36,  Township  30  North,  Range  1 
West.  Oligocene. 

164 
At    Restoration    Point,     Kitsap    County. 

165 

Oak  Bay  on  western  shore  just  south  of  ship  canal  spit,  in  Section  7,  Township  29 
North,  Range  1  East.  Oligocene. 

166 

600  feet  west  of  Porter  station  in  Northern  Pacific  Railway  cut,  Section  22,  Town- 
ship 17  North,  Range  5  West.  Oligocene. 

167 

Wagon  road  cut  on  Wilson  Creek,  Pacific  County,  in  Section  21,  Township  14  North, 
Range  8  West.  Oligocene.  , 

168 

Old  embankment  along  Willapa  River  at  trestle  in  Section  27,  Township  14  North, 
Range  8  West,  one  half  mile  south  of  Willapa  Post  Office,  Pacific  County.  Oligocene. 

169 

Oakville  quarry,  in  sandstone  overlying  basalt,  one  mile  west  of  Oakville,  Chehalis 
County,  on  Northern  Pacific  track.  Section  19,  Township  16  North,  Range  4  West.  Oli- 
gocene. 

170 
Half  Moon  Creek,   Pacific   County,   in   Section   34,   Township   13   North,   Range  7   West. 

172 

Street  cut  Columbia  City,  Seattle,  at  50th  Avenue  South,  and  one  and  one  half 
blocks  south  of  Ferdinand  Street.  Oligocene. 

173 
Street  grade  Columbia  City,  Seattle,  corner  42nd  Street  and  Juneau  Street.     Oligocene. 

176 

Bank  of  small  stream  entering  Satsop  River  from  west,  in  Section  23,  Township  18 
North,  Range  7  West.  Upper  Miocene. 

174 

Bank  of  small  stream  entering  Satsop  River  from  west,  in  Section  23,  Township  18 
North,  Range  7  West.  Upper  Miocene. 

175 

Bank  of  small  stream  entering  Satsop  River  from  west,  in  Section  23,  Township  18 
North,  Range  7  West.  Upper  Miocene. 

177 

Ocean  Cliff  south  from  Hoh  River  in  Section  32,  Township  26  North,  Range  13  West. 
Probably  upper  Miocene.  Jefferson  County. 

178 

Bluff  along  south  shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  De  Fuca  in  Clallam  County,  one  and  one 
half  miles  west  of  Twin  Post  Office,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  10  West.  Oli- 
gocene. 

179 

1000  feet  west  of  mouth  of  West  Twin  River  in  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range 
10  "West.  Oligocene. 

180 

Oak  Bay,  Jefferson  County,  in  cliff  in  north  half  of  Section  18,  Township  29  North, 
Range  1  East.  Oligocene. 

181 

Cape  Elizabeth,  Chehalis  County,  Section  34,  Township  21  North,  Range  13  West. 
Upper  Miocene. 

182 
600  feet  south  of  Keyhole  at  Cape   Elizabeth,  Chehalis  County.     Upper  Miocene. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  17 

185 

One  and  one  fourth  miles  north  of  Point  Grenville,  Chehalis  County,  Washington,   in 
Section  25,  Township  21   North,  Range   13   West.     Upper  Miocene. 

187 
Cut  along  street  car  track  in  north  end  of  Columbia  City,  Seattle.     Oligocene. 

188 

King   coal   mine   north    of   Issaquah,    King   County,    in    Section    22,    Township   24    North, 
Range  7  West.     Upper  Miocene. 

189 

Conglomerate   bank   along   Silvia   Creek,   Chehalis   County,    in   Section   32,    Township   18 
North,   Range   7   West.     Upper  Miocene. 

1ST2 
Columbia  City,  Seattle,  from  hill  six  blocks  west  of  City  Hall.     Oligocene. 

193 

Bluff    north    side    of    mouth    of    Raft    River,    Chehalis    County,    Section    21,    Township 
23  North,  Range   13  West.     Upper  Miocene. 

194 

At  culvert  38,  in  bluff  along  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  track.  14  miles  west  of  South  Monte- 
sano,  Chehalis  County.     Upper  Miocene. 

195 
Section  25,  Township  10  North,  Range  9  West.     Oligocene.     Pacific  County. 

196 

Two  miles  west  of  Winlock,  Lewis  County,  in  bank  of  a  creek  in  Section  20,  Town- 
ship   12    North,    Range    2   West.      Olisocene. 

197 

Three    fourths   mile   north   of   Point   Grenville,    Chehalis    County,    Washington.     Upper 
Miocene. 

199 

Cut  in  left  hand  branch  of  Clemment's  logging  road  three  fourths  mile  west  of  wagon 
road    intersection    in   Section    20,    Township    17   North,    Range   7    West. 

200 

Cut    in    Northern    Pacific    Railway    one    mile    east    of    railroad    bridge    over    Wishkah 
River  at   Aberdeen,    Chehalis   County.     Upper   Miocene.      Old   locality   number    412. 

201 
One   and  one   half  miles  north   of  Point   Grenville   in   cliffs   along  ocean. 

202 
One  and  three  fourth  miles  north  of  Point  Grenville   irt   cliffs  along  ocean. 

203 

500  feet  west  of  railway  station  at  Porter  in  cut  of  Northern  Pacific  Railway,   Che- 
halis  County.      Former   locality   406. 

204 

Cliff    along    shore    line    in    northwest    %,    Section    15,    Township    22    North,    Range    13 
West.      Upper   Miocene.      North   of   Cape    Elizabeth. 

205 

East  center  portion  of  Section  9,  Township  22  North,  Range   13  West,   north   of  Cape 
Elizabeth.       Upper    Miocene. 

206 

Exposure    on    Germany    Creek,    Cowlitz    County,    in    Section    12,    Township    9    North, 
Range    4    West.      Oligocene. 


18  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

207 

Cut  back  of  Olympia  Foundry,  South  Seattle,  King  County,  in  a  bluff  along  east 
side  of  Duwamish  Valley.  Oligocene.  North  half,  Section  20,  Township  24  North,  Range 
4  East. 

209 

Bluff  in  main  branch  of  Wishkah  River  in  Section  27,  Township  19  North,  Range 
9  West.  Upper  Miocene. 

215 

In  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  8  West,  in  cut  on  North  River  branch  of 
Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway. 

218 

Denny  Renton  mine  Number  2,  Second  level,  in  Section  3,  Township  22  North,  Range 
7  East.  In  brackish  water  phase  of  Eocene  at  Taylor. 

219 

Denny  Renton  Coal  mine  Number  6,  at  Taylor,  King  County,  in  Section  3,  Township 
22  North,  Range  7  East.  '  In  brackish  water  phase  of  Eocene. 

220 

One  half  mile  east  of  Duwamish  in  a  small  creek  at  a  point  where  a  well  has  been 
sunk,  in  northwest  %,  Section  11,  Township  23  North,  Range  4  East.  Eocene  brackish 
water  strata. 

221 

Fossil  ledge  above  Franklin  wagon  bridge  in  Green  River  in  section  10,  Township 
21  North,  Range  7  East.  Brackish  water  Eocene. 

222 

Cut  in  Northern  Pacific  Railway  track,  one  mile  south  of  Duwamish  Station,  King 
County,  in  Section  14,  Township  23  North,  Range  4  East.  Brackish  water  Eocene. 

224 

Section  5,  Township  18  North,  Range  6  West,  in  logging  road  cut,  Chehalis  County. 
Upper  Miocene,  coarse  grained  cross  bedded  sandstone. 

226 

One  mile  up  Olequah  Creek  above  Winlock  in  Lewis  County.  Section  29,  Township 
12  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

228 

Railroad  cuts  one  mile  north  of  Cathcart  Station  along  Northern  Pacific  Railway.  In 
Section  31,  Township  28  North,  Range  9  East.  Oligocene. 

229 

Cuts  along  road  and  in  Wynoochee  River  banks  one  mile  south  of  junction  with  Bit- 
ter Creek  in  Section  35,  Township  18  North,  Range  8  West.  Lower  Miocene.  Collec- 
tion of  August,  1913.  Old  locality  Number  102. 

230 

A  cut  in  the  north  river  branch  of  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  about 
two  miles  beyond  its  junction  with  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  Lower  Miocene.  Cheha- 
lis County.  Collected  July,  1913. 

231 

Olequah  Creek  about  three  fourths  of  a  mile  north  of  Vader,  just  south  of  big 
bend  in  creek.  A  small  band  of  fossils.  In  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2 
West.  Marine  Eocene. 

232 

West  bank  and  cliff  of  Cowlitz  River,  one  thousand  feet  below  bend  and  below 
locality  233,  in  Section  28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Marine  Eocene. 

233 

West  bank  and  cliff  of  Cowlitz  River  at  bend  in  Section  28,  Township  11  North, 
Range  2  West.  Fossils  in  an  excellent  state  of  preservation.  Marine  Eocene. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  19 

234 

A  narrow  band  of  strata  in  Olequah  Creek  about  three  fourths  of  a  mile  north  of 
Vader  just  south  of  big  bend  in  creek.  About  eight  feet  stratigraphically  above  lo- 
cality 231.  In  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Marine  Eocene. 

235 

West  bank  of  the  mill  pond  of  the  O'Connell  Lumber  Company  up  Olequah  Creek 
one  half  mile  above  depot  at  Winlock  in  Section  28,  Township  12  North,  Range  2 
West.  Oligocene.  Occurs  in  residual  patches. 

236 

Stillwater  Creek,  Lewis  County,  2200  feet  above  its  junction  with  Olequah  Creek 
in  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

237 

Olequah  Creek  one  fourth  mile  above  Vader  Station  in  east  bank  of  creek  just  north 
of  point  where  small  creek  enters  Olequah  Creek  from  the  east.  In  Sction  29,  Town- 
ship 11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

238 

On  Olequah  Creek  three  fourths  of  a  mile  north  of  Vader  Station  in  bend  just 
north  of  anticlinal  axis,  about  five  hundred  feet  south  of  locality  231.  Section  29, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

239 

Northeast  quarter  of  Section  25,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West,  on  east  side  of 
Cowlitz  River  three  fourths  of  a  mile  above  ferry  on  Mr.  Greece's  farm.  Oligocene. 

240 

East  bank  of  Olequah  Creek  about  one  third  mile  below  its  junction  with  Still- 
water  Creek  and  just  below  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  bridge.  In  Section  32,  Township 
11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

241 

Bank  of  Stillwater  Creek  about  one  and  one  half  miles  above  junction  with  Ole- 
quah Creek  in  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Marine  Eocene. 

242 

Between  localities  233  and  232  in  bank  of  Cowlitz  River  in  Section  28,  Township 
11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

243 

Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  at  the  main  camp  of  the  Inman  Poison  Logging  Com- 
pany on  the  north  bank  of  the  creek  immediately  back  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  shack.  There 
is  a  10  foot  bank  composed  in  large  part  of  massed  and  broken  shells,  in  Section  27, 
Township  9  North,  Range  3  West.  Eocene. 

244 

Bank  of  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one  half  mile  below  Inman-Polson  Com- 
pany's store.  Oysters.  Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West,  near  center 
of  section.  Eocene. 

245 

Bank  of  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one  fourth  mile  down  stream  from 
Inman  Poison  Company's  store.  An  oyster  bed  about  twelve  inches  thick.  In  north- 
east corner  of  Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West.  Eocene. 

246 

East  bank  of  Coal  Creek  about  one  fourth  mile  below  school  house  in  a  small 
sandy  ledge  at  foot  of  cliff.  In  Section  35,  Township  9  North,  Range  3  West,  near 
center  of  Section.  Eocene. 

247 

Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one  and  one  half  miles  below  Inman  Poison  Com- 
pany's store  at  the  old  dam  in  the  extreme  southwest  %  of  Section  11,  Township  8 
North,  Range  3  West.  Eocene. 


20  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

248 

Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one  and  one  fourth  miles  down  stream  below 
Inman  Poison  Logging  Company's  store  on  the  east  bank  in  the  canyon.  In  southeast 
14  of  southeast  %  of  Section  10,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 

249 

Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one  and  one  fourth  miles  down  stream  below 
Inman-Polson  Logging  Company's  store  on  the  west  bank  of  the  creek  in  the  canyon 
and  opposite  locality  248.  Mostly  oysters.  In  Section  10,  Tonwship  8  North,  Range  3 
West.  Eocene. 

2,'0 

Alockaman  River  in  Wahkiakum  County  about  one  half  mile  above  the  forks  on 
the  east  fork.  A  small  ledge  at  the  waters  edge  at  the  foot  of  a  30  foot  cliff.  Near 
boundary  line  between  Sections  25  and  24,  Township  10  North,  Range  5  West.  Lower 
Miocene. 

251 

Alockman  River  in  'Wahkaikum  County  near  the  center  of  the  southeast  %  of  Sec- 
tion 26,  Township  10  North,  Range  5  West,  on  the  Clinton  Olmstead  homestead.  Oli- 
gocene. 

255 

In  Railroad  cut  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  north  of  Lincoln 
Creek  Station  in  Section  26,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West.  Oligocene. 

256 

In  Railroad  cut  on  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  mile  north  of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in 
Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West.  Oligocene. 

257 

North  bank  of  Columbia  River,  two  hundred  feet  west  of  the  mouth  of  Sisson  Creek 
in  Wahkiakum  County  in  Section  6,  Township  9  North,  Range  8  West.  Oligocene. 

258 

One  half  mile  west  of  Twin  Postoffice,  Clallam  County,  in  sea  cliff  in  Section  27, 
Township  31  North,  Range  10  West.  Oligocene. 

259 

Two  miles  west  of  Gettysburg,  Clallam  County,  in  sea  cliff  in  northwest  %,  Section 
29,  Township  31  North,  Range  9  West.  Oligocene. 

261 

Cliff  on  north  shore  of  Columbia  River  about  one  half  mile  east  of  Knappton,  Pa- 
cific County.  Fossils  occur  in  nodules.  In  Section  9,  Township  9  North,  Range  9  West. 
Oligocene. 

262 

One  and  one  eighth  miles  west  of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  bluff  along  O.-W. 
R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  in  Lewis  Countv.  In  Section  26.  Township  14  North,  Range  3  West. 
Oligocene. 

263 

Bluffs  along  bend  in  Cowlitz  River  in  Section  28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 
Marine  upper  Eocene. 

264 

Bluff  on  south  side  of  Bear  River,  Pacific  County,  on  line  between  Sections  20  and 
21,  Township  10  North,  Range  10  West.  Oligocene. 

265 

Bluff  on  east  side  of  Shoalwater  Bay,  Pacific  County  in  Section  29,  Township  11 
North,  Range  10  West.  Oligocene. 

267 

East  shore  of  Port  Discovery  Bay  in  Jefferson  County  in  Section  5,  Township  29 
North,  Range  1  West.  Oligocene. 

268 

South  shore  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County,  about  three  miles  west  of 
Filler  Point,  in  Section  32,  Township  31  North,  Range  12  West.  Lower  Miocene. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  21 

269 

Shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County  one  mile  and  a  half  west  of 
the  coal  mine  in  Section  23.  Township  32  North,  Range  12  West.  Lower  Miocene. 

270 

Cliff  south  shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County  in  Section  21, 
Township  32  North,  Range  12  West.  Lower  Miocene. 

271 

Cliff  south  shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County  in  Section  22,  Town- 
ship 31  North,  Range  9  West,  about  one  thousand  feet  west  of  locality  258.  Lower 
Miocene. 

272 

Cliff  south  shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County  in  Section  19,  Town- 
ship 31  North,  Range  9  West.  About  one  mile  west  of  locality  259.  Lower  Miocene 

273 

Cliff  south  shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County,  in  Section  24,  Town- 
ship 31  North,  Range  10  West,  about  one  half  mile  east  of  east  fork  of  Twin  River  and 
just  east  of  rocky  bluff.  Lower  Miocene. 

274 

Cliff  south  shore  of  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca  in  Clallam  County  in  Section  21,  Town- 
ship 31  North,  Range  10  West.  Lower  Miocene. 

276 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  collection  of  1902  from  Cowlitz  County,  in  Sec- 
tion 11,  Township  9  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene.  Former  locality  3. 

277 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  collection  of  1902  from  Cowlitz  County  in  Sec- 
tion 25,  Township  9  North,  Range  2  West.  The  Pecten  locality  east  of  Castle  Rock. 
Eocene.  Former  locality  2. 

278 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  collection  of  1902  from  Cowlitz  County  in  Sec- 
tion 13,  Township  9  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene.  Former  locality  4. 

279 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  Collection  of  1902  from  Cowlitz  County  on 
Arkansas  Creek,  three  miles  west  of  Castle  Rock.  Eocene.  Former  locality  5.  Pectens 
are  common. 

280 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  collection  of  1902.  From  Lewis  County  in 
Chehalis  hill  one  fourth  mile  southeast  of  hotel.  Eocene.  Former  locality  6. 

281 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  collection  of  1902  in  Lewis  County  on  Olequah 
Creek,  one  mile  up  creek  from  Winlock.  Former  locality  7. 

282 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  Collection  of  1902  in  Cowlitz  County  twelve 
miles  west  of  Kelso.  Eocene.  Former  locality  8. 

283 

Old  Washington  Geological  Survey  Collection  of  1902  in  Cowlitz  County  twelve 
miles  west  of  Kelso.  Eocene.  Former  locality  9. 

286 

One  mile  west  of  Oakville,  Chehalis  County,  in  Section  19,  Township  16  North, 
Range  4  West.  Oligocene. 

288 

From  falls  on  Scantogrese  Creek  near  Castle  Rock  in  S.  E.  *4,  Section  18,  Township 
9  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

289 
Near  an  old  coal  prospect  in  Section  31,  Township  10  North,  Range  2  West.     Eocene. 


22  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  1 

290 
Near  Pecten  locality   in   Section   24,   Township   9   North,   Range    2   West.     Eocene. 

291 

Near  Winlock,  Lewis  County,  in  Section  28,  on  Olequah  Creek  in  bluff  near  junc- 
tion of  west  branch  of  Olequah  Creek  west  from  mill  pond.  Oligocene. 

292 

West  branch  of  Olequah  Creek  one  half  mile  above  junction  of  main  creek.  Oligo- 
cene.  , 

293 

North  end  of  big  slide  on  N.  P.  Railway  cut  one  half  mile  north  of  Tenino  in 
Thurston  County  in  Section  17,  Township  16  North,  Range  1  West.  Oligocene. 

294 

McClarity  ranch  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek  one  mile  w^est  of  Vader  In 
Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

295 

One  and  one  half  miles  north  of  Vader  in  Lewis  County  in  bed  of  Olequah  Creek 
at  milepost  73  on  Northern  Pacific  Railway  in  Section  20,  Township  11  North,  Range  2 
West.  Eocene. 

296 

On  Booth  Ranch  two  and  one  quarter  miles  up  Stillwater  Creek  from  junction 
with  Olequah  Creek  in  Section  24,  Township  11  North,  Range  3  West.  Eocene. 

297 

On  Olequah  Creek  one  eighth  mile  north  of  Railway  station  at  Vader  in  Section 
29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

298 

Three  fourths  mile  west  of  Vader  on  Stillwater  Creek  in  Section  30,  Township  11 
North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

299 

Rock  bluff  in  N.  P.  Railway  cut  2850  feet  south  of  mile  post  76  and  three  fourths 
mile  north  of  Olequah  Railway  station  in  Section  4,  Township  10  North,  Range  2  West. 
Eocene. 

300 

Banks  of  Olequah  Creek  at  the  old  Cantwell  place  north  of  Vader  in  Section  20, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.  Eocene. 

304 

The  west  end  of  rock  island  west  of  Point  Glover  quarry  near  entrance  to  Brem- 
erton Inlet  in  Section  8,  Township  24  North,  Range  2  East.  Oligocene. 

305 

At  Beans  Point  south  end  of  Bainbridge  Island  in  Section  14,  Township  24  North, 
Range  2  East.  Middle  Oligocene. 


FAUNAL  LISTS  AND  GEOGRAPHICAL  DISTRIBUTION 


[23] 


University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology 


EOCENE 


[Vol.   1 


LIST  OF  SPECIES 

_ 

to 

CO 

t— 

Cn 

O3 

~1 

00 

- 

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Pelecypoda 
1     Avicula  pellucida  Gabb  

* 

2     Barbatia  morsei  Gabb  

* 

3     Cardium  breweri  Gabb  

* 

* 

• 

* 

* 

4     Cardium  cooperi  Gabb  

* 

* 

5     Cardium  olequahensis  Weaver  '  

6     Corbula  hornii  Gabb  

* 

7     Corbula  n.  sp  

* 

8     Crassatellites  washingtonensis  Weaver  

* 

9     Crassatellites  grandis  Gabb  

* 

* 

10     Crassatellites  merriami  n.  sp  

11     Crassatellites  dalli  n.  sp  

12     Crassatellites  cowlitzensis  Weaver  

13     Crassatellites  compacta  Gabb  .    . 

* 

* 

14     Cyrena  brevidens  White  

* 

* 

* 

* 

15     Corbicula  cowlitzensis  Weaver  

* 

16     Corbicula  eufaulaensis  Weaver  

t 

17     Diplodonta  polita  (Gabb)  

* 

18     Glycimeris  sagittata  (Gabb)  

* 

19     Glycimeris  eocenica  (Weaver)  

20     Glycimeris  eocenica  var  landesi  (Weaver)  

21     Leda  vaderensis  Dickerson  

* 

22     Leda  gabbi  Conrad  

* 

* 

* 

23     Leda  n.  sp  

* 

24     Meretrix  hornii  Gabb  

* 

* 

* 

25     Meretrix  uvasana  Conrad  

* 

* 

26     Meretrix  ovalis  Gabb  

* 

* 

27     Meretrix  olequahensis  Weaver  

28     Meretrix  longa?  Gabb  

29     Marcia  quadrata  (Gabb)  

* 

* 

* 

30     Marcia  conradana  (Gabb)  

* 

* 

* 

* 

31     Macrocallista  andersoni  Dickerson  

* 

32     Macrocallista  vaderensis  Dickerson  

* 

33     Modiolus  ornatus  Gabb  

* 

* 

* 

* 

34     Ostrea  idriaensis  Gabb  

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

35     Ostrea  olequahensis  Weaver  

* 

* 

36     Ostrea  fettkei  Weaver  

* 

* 

37     Pecten  cowlitzensis  Weaver  

38     Pecten  landesi  Arnold  

39     Placunanomia  inornata  Gabb  

* 

40     Psammobia  hornii  (Gabb)  

* 

41     Semele  diaboli  Dickerson  

* 

42     Solen  parallelus  Gabb  

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

43     Septifer  dichotomus  Gabb  

* 

44     Thracia  dilleri  Dall  

* 

* 

45     Tellina  sutterensis  Dickerson  

* 

46     Tellina  longa  Gabb  

47     Tellina  hornii  Gabb  

* 

48     Tellina  ooides?  Gabb  

49     Tellina  cowlitzensis  n.  sp  

50     Teredo  sp  

i 

51     Unio  transpacifica  Arn  &  Hann  

* 

52     Venericardia  planicosta  Gabb  

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

Gasteropoda 
53     Amauropsis  alveata  Conrad  

54     Ancillaria  bretzii  Weaver  

* 

55     Ambloxus  olequahensis  Arn  &  Hann        

56     Amphissa  eocenica  (Weaver)  

* 

57     Amphissa  packardi  (Weaver)    .  .                  

* 

58     Bursa  washingtoniana  (Weaver)  

* 

* 

59     Bursa  cowlitzensis  (Weaver)      .                       ... 

* 

60     Brachysphingus  clarki  Weaver  

* 

* 

61     Calyptraea  excentricus  Gabb                          .            .         ... 

* 

62     Crepidula  pilea  Gabb  

* 

63     Cylichna  costata  Gabb   ....                         .             .          . 

* 

64     Cancellaria  stantoni  Dickerson  

* 

65     Conus  hornii  Gabb  ... 

* 

* 

66     Conus  remondi  Gabb  

* 

67     Conus  Weaver!  Dickenson.                                 

* 

68     Conus  cowlitzensis  Dickerson  

* 

69     Cantharus  perrini  Dickerson                  .                  

* 

70     Drillia  ornata  Dickerson  

* 

71     Exilia  dickersoni  (Weaver)    .      .                           

* 

72     Exilia  lincolnensis  n.  sp  .•  

73     Exilia  perkinsiana  (Cooper)    .       .                  

* 

74     Ficus  mamillatus  Gabb 

* 

* 

* 

75     Fasciolaria  buwaldana  Dickerson         

» 

76     Fasciolaria  washingtoniana  Weaver 

* 

* 

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1916] 


Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons 


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26 


University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology 


[Vol.  1 


LIST  OF  SPECIES 


77  Fusinus  lewisensis  Weaver 

78  Fusinus  washingtoniana  Weaver 

79  Fusinus  willifd  Dickerson 

80  Ficopsis  remondi  Gabb 

81  Ficopsis  cowlitzensis  (Weaver) 

82  Galeodea  tuberculata  (Gabb) 

83  Hemifusus  tejonensis  Weaver 

84  Hemifusus  sopenahensis  Weaver 

85  Hemifusus  lewisensis  Weaver 

86  Hemifusus  washingtonensis  Weaver .... 

87  Lunatia  cowlitzensis  Dickerson 

88  Lunatia  nuciformis  Gabb 

89  Lunatia  hornii  Gabb 

90  Mitra  washingtoniana  Weaver 

91  Murex  sopenahensis  Weaver 

92  Murex  cowlitzensis  Weaver 

93  Murex  packardi  Dickerson 

94  Melania  packardi  Dickerson 

95  Melania  fettkei  Weaver 

96  Melania  lewisiana  Weaver 

97  Melania  vaderensis  Dickerson 

98  Monodonta  wattsi  Dickerson 

99  Neverita  secta  Gabb 

100  Neverita  martini  Dickerson 

101  Neryerita  weaveri  Dickerson 

102  Nerita  cowlitzensis  Dickerson 

103  Naticina  obliqua  Gabb 

104  Nyctilochus  washingtoniana  (Weaver) . . 

105  Niso  polito  Gabb 

106  Olivella  mathewsoni  Gabb 

107  Olivella  n.  sp 

108  Pachynilus  drakei  Arn  &  Hann 

109  Pseudolivia  volutaeforrnis  Gabb 

110  Pseudolivia  inornata  Dickerson 

111  Rimella  simplex  Gabb 

112  RimeUa  elongata  (Weaver) 

113  Surcula  washingtoniana  (Weaver) 

114  Surcula  cowlitzensis  Weaver 

115  Siphonalia  bicarinata  Dickerson 

116  Turris  monolifera  Cooper 

117  Turris  pulchra  Dickerson 

118  Turritella  uvasana  Conrad 

119  Turritella 

120  Turritella 

121  Triforis  washingtoniana  Dickerson 

122  Urosalpinx  Dickerson 

123  Vipiparus  wasingtoniana  Arn  &  Hann  . 

124  Dentalium  stramineum  Gabb 

125  Cadulus  pusillus  (Gabb) 

126  Nautilus  sp 

127  Aturia  mathewsoni  Gabb 

128  Rhynchonella  washingtoniana  Weaver 

129  Brachyuran  remains 

130  Fish  teeth . .  . 


1916] 


Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons 


27 


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University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology 


[Vol.  1 


OLIGOCENE  AND  LOWER  MIOCENE 


LIST  OF  SPECIES 

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1     Acila  shumardi  Dall  

2     Acila  gettysburgensis  Reagan  

* 

3     Acila  conradi  Meek  

* 

* 

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4     Anomia  subcostata  Conrad  

5     Area  trilineata  Conrad  

* 

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7     Cardium  lorenzanum  (Arnold)  

* 

8     Cardium  coosensis  Dall  

9     Cardium  lincolnensis  n.  sp  

10     Cardium  vaqueroensis  Arnold  

11     Chione  securis  (Shumard) 

* 

12     Chione  cl  all  amensis  Reagan  

13     Chione  olympidea  Reagan  

14     Chione  cathcartensis  Weaver  

* 

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15     Chione  temblorensis  Anderson  

16     Callocallista  arnoldi  n.  sp. 

17     Crenella  porterensis  Weaver  

» 

18     Crassatellites  washingtonensis  Weaver 

19     Crassatellites  cowlitzensis  Weaver  

20     Crassatellites  lincolnensis  n.  sp. 

21     Crenella  washingtonensis  n.  sp  

22     Glycimeris  chehalisensis  n.  sp  

23     Leda  washingtonensis  n.  sp. 

• 

24     Leda  lincolnensis  n.  sp  

25     Leda  chehalisensis  Weaver 

26     Leda  oschsneri  Anderson 

* 

27     Macrocallista  pittsburgensis  Dall  

28     Macrocallista  vespertina  Conrad 

* 

* 

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29     Marcia  oregonensis  Conrad       .      .    .            

* 

* 

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30     M  acorn  a  secta  Conrad 

* 

31     Macoma  nasuta  Conrad 

* 

34     Macoma  wynoocheensis  Weaver 

* 

36     Modiolus  inflatus  Dall 

* 

42     Ostraea  veatchii  Gabb 

44     Ostraea  idraensis  Gabb 

* 

47     Pitaria  dalli  n.  sp. 

* 

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52     Pecten  alockamanensis  Weaver  

* 

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53     Phacoides  actutilineatus  (Conrad)  

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1916] 


Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons 


29 


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University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology 


[Vol.  1 


LIST  OF  SPECIES 

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78     Dentalium  stramineum  Gabb  

79     Dentalium  conradi  Dall  

* 

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80     Dentalium  porterensis  Weaver  

Gasteropoda 
81     Acteocina  chehalisensis  n.  sp  

83     Brachysphingus  clarki  Weaver  

84     Bittium  lincolnensis  n.  sp  

86     Calyptraea  washingtonensis  n.  sp  

87     Calyptraea  filosa  (Gabb) 

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120      >J              h   h    1'          ' 

122     Nassa  arnoldi  Anderson  

123     Natica  oregonensis  Conrad  

19»    >J  t'                c1        A         

129     Or     11        H            C        d 

iso    Ph  r             'it      D  n 

101       P"         '       1    11               '117          

132      S        h      H              h'f- 

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IfiA      SHntra                  1               r*           /J           

|oS     S,lnu            )uiosum  ooi    ao  

138     Turris  thurstonensis  n.  sp  
139     Turris  packardi  n.  sp  
140     Turris  dickersoni  n.  sp  

141     Turris  kincaidi  n.  sp  
142     Turris  clallamensis  n.  sp  
143     Turris  wynoocheensis  n.  sp  
144     Turcicula  washingtonensis  Dall  
145     Turritella  oregonensis  Conrad  

* 

* 

* 

146     Turritella  porterensis  Weaver  
147     Turritella  blakeleyensis  Weaver  
148     Turritella  newcombei  Merriam  
149     Brachyuran  remains  
150     Aturia  angustata  Conrad  
151     Foraminfera  sp  

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152     Sharks  teeth  
153     Hemithyris  astoriana  Dall  
154     Terebratula  oakvillensis  Weaver  
155     Terebratalia  occidentalis  Dall  

* 

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1916] 


Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons 


31 


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University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology 


[Vol.  1 


UPPER  MIOCENE 


LIST  OF  SPECIES 

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Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons 


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DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  SPECIES 
Pelecypoda 

GENUS   NUCULA   LAMARCK 
NUCULA   WASHINGTONENSIS   n.    sp. 

Plate  III,  Figures  27,  28  and  29 

Description — Shell  very  small,  thick  and  robust;  triangular  outline;  beaks 
small,  low  and  decidedly  incurved  anteriorly.  Posterior  cardinal  margin  decidedly 
convex  and  very  slightly  truncated  at  the  posterior  end;  anterior  dorsal  margin 
slopes  downward  from  beaks  at  an  angle  of  60°  and  is  somewhat  concave;  basal 
margin  broadly  arcuate.  Lunule  cordate  and  deeply  impressed  and  sculptured 
by  a  faint  continuation  of  the  lines  of  growth  from  the  valves.  No  radiating  sculp- 
ture is  visible  on  any  of  the  specimens  examined.  Shell  material  thick  and  exhib- 
iting a  pearly  lustre.  Surface  marked  by  numerous  very  well  developed  lines  of 
growth.  This  species  is  characterized  by  its  small  size  and  great  thickness. 

Dimensions — Altitude  7  mm. ;  longitude  9  mm. ;  thickness  5  mm.  to  6  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  230  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  situated  in  a  railway  cut  on  the  North  River  branch  of  the  Chicago, 
Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  about  two  miles  south  of  its  junction  with  the 
Grays  Harbor  branch  in  Section  29,  Township  17  North,  Range  8  West. 

Horizon — Lower  Miocene;  Area  montereyana  Zone. 

GENUS  LEDA  SCHUMACHER 

LEDA   WASHINGTONENSIS  n.   sp. 
Plate   III,   Figures   25   and   26 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size,  elongate  and  narrow;  anterior  dorsal  mar- 
gin two  fifths  the  length  of  shell,  nearly  straight  and  sloping  downwards  at  an 
angle  of  10°  from  the  beaks;  anterior  end  sharply  rounded  and  merging  into  a 
slightly  arcuate  base;  posterior  dorsal  margin  slightly  concave  and  deeply  exca- 
vated ;  posterior  end  rostrate  and  obliquely  truncate.  On  both  valves  a  nar- 
row but  distinct  groove  extends  from  beaks  to  posterior  end  which  becomes 
more  deeply  impressed  near  the  latter.  Surface  of  shell  is  sculptured  by  well 
marked  concentric  ribs  which  are  flat  topped  and  with  interspaces  of  about  equal 
width.  Radiating  ribs  are  absent.  Beaks  not  very  prominent;  lunule  linear  and 
marked  by  very  faint  incised  lines ;  escutcheon  sunken,  elongate-lanceolate,  ex- 
tending from  beaks  to  posterior  end  and  obliquely  grooved  with  rounded  outer 

[34] 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  85 

edges.     Hinge  with  26  anterior  and  21   posterior  V-shaped  teeth.     Chondrophore 
small  and  subumbonal.     Adductor  muscle  scars  small;  palial  sinus  short. 

Dimensions — Altitude   8  mm. ;   longitude   20   mm. ;  thickness   7   mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  west  and 
north  of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  8  West. 
In  this  region  the  bluffs  extend  above  and  below  the  railway  track  and  for  a  dis- 
tance along  the  track  of  about  one  mile.  Specimens  are  exceedingly  abundant 
and  in  an  excellent  state  of  preservation. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene  which  in  this  report  is  referred  to  as  the 
Porter  Horizon  or  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 


LEDA  LINCOLNENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  III,  Figures  23  and  24 

Description — Shell  of  moderate  size  and  thickness.  Beaks  more  nearly  cen- 
tral than  in  case  of  Leda  washingtonensis.  Shell  relatively  higher  and  anterior  end 
more  broadly  rounded  than  posterior.  Surface  of  shell  sculptured  by  prominent 
flat  topped  concentric  ribs  with  interspaces  about  one  and  one-half  times  as  wide. 
Lunule  elongate  and  lanceolate,  fairly  deep  and  of  about  same  width  as  escutcheon; 
escutcheon  deeply  impressed  and  sculptured.  Hinge  line  with  25  anterior  V-shaped 
teeth;  interior  of  chondrophore  slightly  grooved;  palial  sinus  short. 

Dimensions — Altitude  10  mm.;  longitude  20  mm.;  thickness  8  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  west  and 
north  of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene  which  in  this  report  is  referred  to  as  the 
Porter  Horizon  or  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 

GENUS  GLYCIMERS  DA  COSTA 

GLYCIMERIS  CHEHALISENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  III,  Figures  34  and  35 

Description — Shell  small,  sub-triangular  in  outline,  moderately  convex,  beaks 
central  and  small;  anterior  dorsal  margin  almost  straight  and  sloping  downward 
at  an  angle  of  55°;  posterior  dorsal  margin  moderately  convex  and  sloping  at  an 
angle  of  40° ;  base  sharply  arcuate.  Surface  sculptured  by  45  well  developed, 
flat  topped  squarish  radiating  ribs  separated  by  interspaces  about  once  and  one- 
half  as  wide  as  the  ribs.  Near  the  anterior  and  posterior  ends  of  the  shell  the 


36  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

ribs  become  almost  obsolete.  The  incremental  lines  are  sharp  and  wavy  and  in 
the  interspaces  they  curve  downwards  producing  wavy  lines  which  extend  across 
the  entire  shell.  The  ribbing  is  very  minutely  shown  on  the  interior  surface  of 
the  shell.  On  the  basal  inner  margin  there  are  24  flutings.  Hinge  set  with  9 
anterior  and  9  posterior  large  and  well  developed  V-shaped  teeth.  Area  above 
teeth  with  four  reticulating  ridges  and  grooves.  Anterior  and  posterior  muscle 
scars  are  prominent  and  having  a  subrectangular  outline. 

Dimensions — Altitude   11   mm.;  longitude   12  mm.;   thickness   7  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  west  and 
north  of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene  which  in  this  report  is  referred  to  as  the 
Porter  Horizon  or  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 


GENUS  OSTRAEA  LINNAEUS 

OSTRAEA   LINCOLNENSIS   n.    Sp. 

Plate  I,  Figures  5  and  6 

Description — Shell  of  moderate  size,  thin  and  sub-oval  in  outline;  slightly  in- 
equilateral; lower  valve  convex  with  a  somewhat  uneven  surface  sculptured  by  con- 
centric lines  of  growth.  There  is  no  evidence  of  radial  ribbing.  Fine  crenula- 
tions  are  present  on  the  inner  margins  of  both  valves  for  a  distance  of  one  fourth 
the  length  of  the  shell  from  the  beaks  on  both  the  anterior  and  posterior  dorsal 
margins. 

Dimensions — Altitude    65    mm. ;    longitude    54    mm. ;    thickness    20    mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest  of 
Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township"  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 

GENUS  CRENELLA  BROWN 
CRENELLA  PORTERENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  III,  Figures  41   and  42 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size,  thin,  moderately  inflated,  elongate  ovate 
with  distinct  radial  striations  which  diverge  from  a  median  line  extending  from 
beak  to  basal  margin.  These  striations  consist  of  flat  topped  ribs  with  flat  bot- 
tomed interspaces  of  equal  width.  Beaks  are  small  and  terminal.  Valves  are  al- 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  37 

most  equilateral   showing   faint   crenulations   near  the   beaks   but   none   on  margins 
of  shell.     Beaks  are  strongly  recurved. 

This  species  was  named  and  figured  but  through  error  the  description  was 
omitted  in  a  report  previously  published.3 

Dimensions — Altitude   1 3  mm. ;  longitude    1 8  mm. ;  thickness   9  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Paleontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene ;    Molopophorous   lincolnensis    Zone. 

CRENELLA  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate    III,   Figure   40 

Description — Shell  minute,  delicate,  ovate  in  outline  and  tumid.  The  beaks 
are  almost  central  and  curved  anteriorly ;  margins  of  shell  finely  crenulated.  These 
crenulations  extend  up  to  and  beneath  the  beak.  They  are  so  prominent  along 
the  anterior  and  posterior  margins  just  away  from  the  beaks  that  they  appear 
as  broad  V-shaped  teeth.  Immediately  beneath  the  beaks  there  are  four  vertical 
ridges  and  intervening  grooves  which  appear  to  be  extensions  of  the  crenulations. 
Surface  of  shell  sculptured  by  60  minute  rounded  ribs  with  narrow  grooved  inter- 
spaces about  one-third  as  wide  as  the  ribs.  These  are  crossed  by  concentric  lines 
of  growth.  Shell  material  is  thin  and  has  pearly  luster  on  inner  surface. 

Description — Altitude  3  mm,;  longitude  2  mm.;  thickness  2  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one-fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 

GENUS  PANDORA  BRUG 

PANDORA   WASHINGTONENSIS  n.   sp. 

Plate  II,  Figures  19  and  20 

Description — Shell  small;  right  valve  moderately  convex  and  left  valve  slight- 
ly concave.  On  left  valve  anterior  dorsal  margin  deeply  concave;  anterior  end 
sharply  rounded  and  somewhat  flexuous  as  it  passes  into  the  ventral  margin  which 
is  broadly  arcuate;  posterior  dorsal  margin  very  slightly  concave  just  behind  beaks 
but  from  that  point  to  posterior  end  it  is  straight;  posterior  end  sub-truncate  and 


sWeaver,    C.    E.,    "A    Preliminary    Report   on    the    Tertiary    Palaeontology    of    Western 
Washington,"  Bull.  15,  Wash.  Geol.  Surv.,  pp.  94,   1912. 


88  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

produced.  From  the  beak  a  ridge  extends  to  the  junction  of  the  posterior  and 
ventral  margins.  Just  above  the  ridge  there  is  a  flat  to  slightly  concave  surface. 
Both  right  and  left  valves  possess  concentric  sculpture;  lunule  and  escutcheon 
elongate  and  fairly  distinct.  Radial  ribs  are  absent. 

Dimensions — Altitude   8  mm.;  longitude   12  mm.;  thickness   3  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest  of 
Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost   Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


GENUS  CRASSATELLITES  KRUGER 

CRASSATELLITES  LINCOLNENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate   III,   Figures   31,   32   and   33 

Description — Shell  heavy,  small,  sub-quadrate  in  outline  and  equivalve; 
beaks  situated  at  a  distance  about  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  shell  from  the 
anterior  end,  moderately  high,  incurved  and  directed  forwards;  anterior  dorsal 
margin  evry  slightly  concave;  anterior  end  sharply  but  evenly  rounded;  posterior 
dorsal  margin  straight  and  sloping  downwards  at  an  agle  of  10°;  posterior  end 
sharply  truncate  and  making  an  angle  with  the  posterior  dorsal  slope  of  120° ; 
basal  margin  broadly  arcuate;  a  sharp  ridge  extends  from  beak  to  junction  of 
base  and  posterior  margin.  Surface  sculptured  by  fifteen  extremely  well  developed 
concentric  ribs  upon  which  and  between  which  there  are  fine  concentric  lines  of 
growth.  Pallial  line  simple  and  situated  some  distance  from  the  margin  of  shell. 
Muscle  scars  strong  and  equally  developed;  hinge  plate  moderately  developed. 

Dimensions — Altitude    11   mm.;   longitude   13  mm.;   thickness   5  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest  of 
Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 

CRASSATELLITES  MERRIAMI  n.  sp. 
Plate  I,  Figures  7  and  8 

Description — Shell  small,  moderately  thick  and  sub-triangular;  beaks  low, 
wide,  strongly  incurved  anteriorly  and  situated  at  a  distance  two-fifths  the  length 
of  the  shell  from  the  anterior  end;  anterior  end  sharply  arcurate;  posterior  dorsal 
margin  nearly  straight  and  sloping  downwards  at  an  angle  of  20°  to  the  posterior 
end;  posterior  end  sharply  arcuate.  There  is  a  ridge  extending  from  the  beak 
to  the  posterior  angle  and  immediately  anterior  to  this  there  is  a  slight  depression 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  39 

also  extending  from  the  beak.  Surface  of  shell  ornamented  with  concentric  lines 
of  growth  and  minor  ribs  which  are  not  very  strong  but  are  evenly  distributed 
over  the  surface  of  both  valves.  Dorsal  inner  margin  of  shell  crenulate;  muscle 
scars  well  developed;  palial  line  simple;  posterior  lateral  tooth  large  and  anterior 
cardinal  well  developed. 

Dimensions — Altitude   19  mm.;  longitude  30  mm.;  thickness   10  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  241  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) on  Stillwater  Creek  about  one  half  mile  above  junction  of  Olequah  and 
Stillwater  creeks  and  one  fourth  mile  below  crossing  of  county  road  in  Section  25, 
Township  11  North,  Range  3  West. 

Note — This  species  bears  a  close  resemblance  to  Crassatellites  cowlitzensis 
Weaver.  It  is,  however,,  more  attenuated  posteriorly,  thinner,  higher  and  external 
sculpture  less  well  developed. 

Horizon — Tejon  formation;  upper  Eocene. 


CRASSATELLITES  DALLI  n.  sp. 
Plate  II,  Figures  15,  16,  17  and  18 

Description — Shell  large,  thick,  robust,  roughly  triangular,  moderately  convex 
and  very  noticeably  attenuated  at  the  posterior  end;  beaks  prominent,  high,  broad, 
anteriorly  incurved  and  situated  a  little  less  than  one-third  the  distance  of  the 
length  of  the  shell  from  the  anterior  end.  Anterior  dorsal  margin  slightly  con- 
cave and  sloping  downwards  from  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  40°;  anterior  margin 
evenly  and  sharply  arcuate;  basal  margin  broadly  arcuate;  posterior  dorsal  margin 
noticeably  concave  and  sloping  downwards  from  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  about 
55°  for  a  short  distance  and  then  broadly  curved  to  the  posterior  end  where  it  is 
obliquely  truncated.  A  noticeable  ridge  extends  from  the  beaks  to  the  posterior 
end  and  immediately  anterior  to  this  there  is  a  broad  but  fairly  well  defined  groove. 
Surface  of  valves  ornamented  by  well  developed  concentric  lines  of  growth  equally 
developed  from  beak  to  basal  margin.  Radiating  ribs  are  absent.  Inner  margins 
of  valves  are  finely  but  evenly  crenulated.  Lunule  narrow,  cordate  and  very  deeply 
impressed  and  the  concentric  lines  of  growth  on  the  valves  continue  across  the 
surface  of  the  lunule;  escutcheon  large,  broad  and  deeply  sunken  especially  near 
the  beaks.  Hinge  plate  very  heavy  and  broad;  posterior  lateral  teeth  well  devel- 
oped ;  anterior  right  cardinal  sharp  and  pointed ;  muscular  scars  deep  and  large ; 
palial  line  simple. 

Note — This  species  is  extremely  common  in  the  Tejon  Eocene  of  Lewis  and 
Cowlitz  counties.  It  is  most  often  associated  with  a  fauna  chiefly  made  up  of 
Ostraea  idraeensis  and  Fenericardia  planicosta.  The  specimens  are  usually  ex- 
cellently preserved  so  that  all  portions  of  the  shell  may  be  readily  studied.  This 
species  is  named  in  honor  of  Dr.  W.  H.  Dall  of  the  U.  S.  National  Museum,  whose 


40  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

investigations  have  made  known  the  general  character  of  the  Tertiary  faunas  of 
the   Pacific   Northwest. 

Dimensions — Altitude   64   mm.;   longitude   77   mm.;   thickness   38   mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  241  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) on  Stillwater  Creek  about  one  mile  above  junction  of  Olequah  and  Still- 
water  creeks  in  Section  25,  Township  1 1  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Upper  Eocene;  Tejon  formation. 


GENUS  CARDIUM   LINNEUS 

CARDIUM  LINCOLNENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  III,  Figures  36  and  37 

Description — Shell  small,  sub-quadrate  in  outline,  moderately  inflated,  rather 
thin  and  nearly  equilateral;  beaks  small;  surface  of  shell  sculptured  by  29  radiat- 
ing V-shaped  ribs  and  very  narrow  interspaces,  each  of  which  contains  a  small 
thread  like  rib.  Concentric  striations  are  very  faintly  developed.  The  anterior 
and  posterior  ribs  are  set  with  small  flat  nodes;  middle  portion  of  shell  is  almost 
smooth.  Margin  serrated  and  internal  surface  fluted  half  way  to  the  umbonal 
cavity.  Teeth  well  developed  and  cardinals  set  one  above  the  other. 

Dimensions — Altitude  9  mm.;  longitude  11  mm.;  thickness  8  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 

GENUS  CALLOCALLISTA  A.  ADAMS 

CALLOCALLISTA  ARNOLDI  n.  sp. 

Plate  II,  Figure  13 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size,  thin  and  sub-quadrate  in  outline,  beaks 
slightly  elevated,  strongly  curved  forwards  and  situated  from  the  anterior  end  a 
distance  of  about  one-fifth  the  length  of  the  shell.  Posterior  dorsal  margin  nearly 
straight  and  slowing  down  from  beak  at  an  angle  of  about  50°  and  passing  into  a 
very  broadly  rounded  posterior  margin;  anterior  dorsal  margin  slightly  convex 
and  sloping  downward  at  an  angle  of  30°;  anterior  margin  very  slightly  truncate 
to  evenly  rounded  and  passing  into  a  broadly  arcuate  base.  Lunule  and  escutcheon 
obscure.  Surface  sculptured  by  evenly  developed  concentric  lines  of  growth;  ra- 
diating ribs  are  absent.  Hinge  plate  moderately  heavy;  in  left  valve  there  is 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  41 

one  short,  sharp,  high,  triangular  lateral,  tooth  with  a  deep  grove  above;  there 
are  two  cardinal  teeth,  the  anterior  of  which  is  flattened  and  makes  an  angle  of 
25°  with  the  vertical  axis  of  shell;  posterior  cardinal  tooth  is  triangular  in  cross 
section  with  a  long,  deep  groove  behind;  posterior  lateral  long  and  blade  like; 
palial  sinus  deep  and  extending  in  one-third  the  length  of  the  shell. 

Dimensions — Altitude   18  mm.;   longitude  22   mm.;   thickness    10  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis   Zone. 


GENUS    PITARA    ROMER 
PlTARIA   DALU    n.    Sp. 

Plate  I,  Figures   1,  2,  3  and  4 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size,  inflated  and  ovate  to  sub-quadrate;  beaks 
moderately  high,  incurved  and  situated  a  distance  from  the  anterior  end  of  the 
shell  of  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  shell.  Anterior  dorsal  margin  short  and 
slightly  concave;  base  evenly  arcuate;  posterior  dorsal  margin  very  slightly 
rounded,  sloping  downward  from  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  5°  to  a  point  one- fourth 
the  length  of  the  shell  from  the  posterior  end;  from  this  point  it  becomes  more 
sharply  rounded  and  slopes  at  an  angle  of  45°  to  the  posterior  end  which  becomes 
more  sharply  arcuate  and  merges  into  the  base.  Just  below  the  posterior  dorsal 
margin  a  very  faint  groove  like  depression  extends  from  the  beaks  to  the  posterior 
end.  Surface  concentrically  striated  by  fairly  well  developed  lines  of  growth. 
Lunule  large,  cordate,  deep  and  described  by  a  well-defined  impressed  line;  pal- 
ial sinus  simple  and  extending  into  the  shell  a  distance  of  one-third  the  length 
of  the  shell.  Hinge  well  developed.  Anterior  left  lateral  tooth  prominent,  short, 
compressed  and  very  slightly  bifid;  posterior  right  cardinal  bifid;  right  anterior 
lateral  groove  deeply  incised;  anterior  right  cardinal  narrow  and  blade-like;  pos- 
terior right  cardinal  bifid;  anterior  left  lateral  high  and  very  slightly  bifid;  an- 
terior left  cardinal  narrow  and  sharp;  posterior  left  cardinal  broad  and  rather 
low;  groove  between  posterior  lateral  and  posterior  cardinal  deep  and  broad. 

Dimensions — Altitude   43    mm.;   longitude    57    mm.;   thickness   28   mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washinton  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-.W  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost   Oligocene;    Molopophorous   lincolnensis    Zone. 


42  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

GENUS  TELLINA  LINNEUS 

TELLINA  LINCOLNENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  III,  Figure  30 

Description — Shell  small,  moderately  convex  and  sub-rectangular  in  outline; 
beaks  fairly  prominent,  directed  forwards  and  situated  a  distance  of  two-thirds  the 
length  of  the  shell  from  the  anterior  end;  anterior  dorsal  slope  very  slightly  con- 
vex and  elongate;  anterior  margin  evenly  but  sharply  rounded;  posterior  dorsal 
margin  concave  and  merging  into  an  evenly  rounded  posterior  margin;  basal  margin 
evenly  and  broadly  rounded.  Surface  sculptured  by  moderately  developed  con- 
centric lines  of  growth  only ;  a  very  slightly  elevated  ridge  extends  from  beaks  to 
lower  portion  of  posterior  end  of  shell;  posterior  end  slightly  deflected  to  the 
right;  pallial  sinus  of  medium  length. 

Dimensions — Altitude  7  mm.;  longitude   12  mm.;  thickness  3  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost   Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


TELLINA   COWLITZENSIS  n.  sjp. 
Plate  II,  Figure  14 

Description — Shell  large  thin,  compressed  and  about  two-fifths  longer  than 
high;  beaks  a  little  anterior  to  the  center  and  moderately  prominent;  anterior 
dorsal  margin  slopes  downwards  at  a  low  angle  and  then  becomes  evenly  and 
sharply  arcuate  and  merges  into  a  long  but  nearly  straight  base;  posterior  dorsal 
margin  slopes  downward  sharply  at  first  and  then  at  a  lower  angle  in  a  slightly 
sinuous  manner  to  the  posterior  end  where  it  is  obliquely  truncated;  a  well  defined 
ridge  passes  from  the  beak  to  the  posterior  basal  angle  on  the  right  valve;  just 
anterior  to  this  ridge  there  is  a  long  groove  like  depression  which  becomes  more 
pronounced  near  the  base.  Surface  ornamented  by  numerous  moderately  strong 
concentric  lines  of  growth  which  are  irregularly  spaced;  radiating  ribs  are  absent. 

Dimensions — Altitude   37  mm.;  longitude   57   mm.;  thickness   5   mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  248  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) one  and  one-fourth  miles  down  stream  from  the  Innman-Polson  Logging 
Company's  Store  in  a  gray  sandstone  in  bank  of  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Sec- 
tion 11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Upper   Eocene;   Tejon   formation. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  43 

GENUS    SOLEN    LINNEUS 
SoLEN    LINCOLNENSIS  n.    Sp. 

Plate  II,  Figures  9,   10,   11   and   12 

Description — Shell  large,  rather  short,  nearly  straight  and  convex ;  anterior 
end  obliquely  truncated  and  making  an  angle  with  the  dorsal  margin  of  125°;  basal 
margin  parallel  with  dorsal;  beaks  inconspicuous  and  situated  at  the  junction  of 
dorsal  and  anterior  margin;  surface  smooth  except  for  well  developed  lines  of 
growth ;  posterior  end  broadly  rounded ;  anterior  muscular  scar  elongate  and  nar-. 
row  and  situated  half  way  between  dorsal  and  ventral  margin;  posterior  scar 
short  and  quadrangular ;  palial  sinus  broad  but  short. 

This  form  differs  from  Solen  parallelus  Gabb  in  that  it  is  much  shorter  and 
the  anterior  end  is  much  more  obliquely  truncated. 

Dimensions — Altitude    19  mm.;   longitude   62   mm.;   thickness    11    mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest  of 
Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene ;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 

Gasteropoda 

GENUS    EPITONIUM     BOLTEN 

EPITONIUM  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate   IV,   Figures   46   and   47 

Description — Shell  long,  narrow  and  conical  with  nine  whorls ;  spire  high ; 
whorls  moderately  convex  by  about  30  longitudinal  ribs  which  extend  over  the 
entire  surface  of  the  whorls  with  the  exception  of  that  portion  of  the  area  of  the 
body  whorl  below  the  basal  angle;  these  ribs  are  crossed  by  prominent  rounded 
revolving  ribs  of  which  there  are  13  upon  the  body  whorl  and  eight  on  each  of 
the  whorls  of  the  spire;  the  revolving  ribs  are  commonly  arranged  in  pairs  of  two, 
with  wide,  nearly  flat  interspaces  between  each  pair.  Suture  distinct ;  base  of 
body  whorl  flattened  and  smooth  except  for  presence  of  eight  minute  revolving 
ribs ;  a  faintly  developed  revolving  keel  is  developed  on  the  basal  angle ;  aperture 
broadly  ovate ;  inner  lip  heavily  callused. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  23  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  17  mm.;  thickness  9 
mm.;  angle  of  spire  19°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


44  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

GENUS  CALYPTRAEA  LAMARCK 

CALYPTRAEA  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate    III,    Figure   44 

Description — Shell  averages  medium  size  for  the  genus ;  nearly  circular  in 
outline ;  apex  very  slightly  excentric ;  spire  moderately  elevated ;  whorls  four  and 
one  half;  shell  thin  and  sculptured  by  well  developed  lines  of  growth;  radial 
sculpture  entirely  absent;  aperture  semi-elliptical.  This  species  is  much  shorter 
than  Calyptraea  excentrica  (Gabb)  and  is  only  very  slightly  excentric. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  9  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  5  mm. ;  maximum  di- 
ameter of  shell  21  mm.;  angle  of  spire  55°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis   Zone. 

GENUS  NATICA  SCOPOLI 

NATICA  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  V,  Figures  73,  74,  75  and  76 

Description — Shell  small,  high  and  narrow;  whorls  four  and  one-half  and 
sculptured  only  by  moderately  developed  lines  of  growth.  General  outline  and 
shape  of  shell  is  similar  to  Natica  lincolnensis  but  differs  from  it  in  that  the  um- 
bilical opening  is  entirely  absent.  Aperture  semi-oval;  inner  lip  heavily  callused; 
the  callus  extends  some  distance  from  the  inner  lip  over  on  to  the  surface  of  the 
shell.  This  form  is  much  narrower  and  elongate  than  Lunatia  oregonensis  Conrad. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  14  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  3  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  11  mm.;  angle  of  spire  60°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 

NATICA  LINCOLNENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  V,  Figures  71  and  72 

Description — Shell  very  high,  elongate-ovate  and  with  five  whorls;  spire  highly 
elevated  but  not  so  much  as  in  the  case  of  Lunatia  oregonensis  Conrad  which  it  in 
many  respects  resembles.  Shell  smooth  except  for  moderately  developed  lines 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  45 

of  growth;  upper  surface  of  body  whorl  slopes  downwards  very  sharply  so  as  to 
give  the  shell  an  elongate  appearance ;  base  conspicuously  produced ;  inner  lip 
strongly  callused  and  the  callus  extending  well  on  to  the  surface  of  the  body 
whorl ;  outer  lip  thin  and  simple ;  umbillical  opening  large ;  aperture  semi-oval ; 
many  specimens  show  distinct  color  banding. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  30  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  5  mm. ;  maximum 
diameter  24  mm.;  angle  of  spire  100°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest  of 
Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost   Oligocene ;    Molopophorous   lincolnensis   Zone. 


GENUS    MESALIA    GRAY 

MESALIA  LINCOLNENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate   V,    Figure    85 

Description — Shell  long  and  narrow  with  eleven  whorls;  spire  very  elevated 
and  whorls  convex;  on  body  whorl  are  usually  twelve  revolving  rounded  ribs  of 
moderate  development  and  between  these  are  slightly  concave  interspaces  of  dou- 
ble width ;  revolving  threads  are  absent  within  the  interspaces ;  there  are  usually 
eight  similar  ribs  on  each  whorl  of  the  spire ;  on  the  extreme  upper  portion  of 
each  whorl  for  a  short  distance  below  the  suture  the  sculpture  is  less  distinct; 
longitundinal  sculpture  represented  only  by  faintly  developed  lines  of  growth; 
body  whorl  obliquely  angulated  at  base  and  surface  below  angle  is  not  ornamented; 
aperture  circular;  outer  lip  thin;  inner  lip  slightly  callused. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  2 1  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  1 4  mm. ;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  10  mm.;  angle  of  spire  22°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 


GENUS    FICUS    BOLTEN 

Ficus  WYNOOCHENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  III,  Figures  38  and  39 

Description — Shell  of  moderate  size;  sub-pyriform  and  evenly  rounded;  whorls 
five;  body  whorl  large;  spire  very  low;  surface  of  body  whorl  ornamented  by  thir- 
ty distinct,  flat  topped  revolving  ribs;  in  the  interspaces  between  each  of  these 


46  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

ribs  there  are  well  defined  revolving  threads;  these  ribs  are  crossed  by   strongly 
marked  lines  of  growth.     Canal  elongated  and  slightly  curved;  aperture  narrow. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  40  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  5  mm. ;  maximum  di- 
ameter of  shell  32  mm.;  angle  of  spire  98°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  229  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  shaly  sandstone  in  the  east  bank  of  Wynooche  River  one  half  mile 
below  the  mouth  of  Bitter  Creek  in  Section  35,  Township  18  North,  Range  8  West. 

Horizon — Lower  Miocene;  Area  montereyana  Zone. 


FlCUS    CHEHALISENSIS   n.    Sp. 

Plate  V,  Figure   84 

Description — Shell  small  and  pyriform;  spire  low;  whorls  four;  surface  of 
whorls  smooth  except  for  numerous  closely  spaced  somewhat  indistinct  lines  of 
growth;  revolving  ribs  or  angles  are  absent;  on  upper  margin  of  body  whorl  just 
below  suture  there  is  a'  slightly  impressed  groove.  Aperture  semi-lunar  and  elon- 
gated ;  canal  elongate  and  slightly  deflected  outwards. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  17  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  3  mm.;  maximum  diam- 
eter of  shell  7  mm.;  angle  of  spire  112°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  229  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  shaly  sandstone  in  the  east  bank  of  Wynoochee  River  one  half  mile 
below  mouth  of  Bitter  Creek  in  Section  35,  Township  18  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lower   Miocene;    Area   montereyana   Zone. 


GENUS    NASSA    LAMARCK 

NASSA  CHEHALISENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  V,  Figures  69  and  70 

Description — Shell  small  and  elongate-ovate;  whorls  five  in  number  and  con- 
vex; suture  impressed;  surface  of  body  whorl  ornamented  with  thirty  equally 
spaced  revolving  ribs  which  are  crossed  by  ten  equally  developed  longitudinal 
ribs;  as  a  result  the  surface  has  a  recticulated  appearance;  aperture  narrow;  outer 
lip  thick  and  inner  surface  crenulated;  inner  lip  slightly  callused;  columella  short 
with  no  sulcus  at  anterior  end. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  13  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  6  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  5  mm.;  angle  of  spire  45°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  230  (University  of  Washington  Palaentological  Col- 
lection) in  sandy  shale  in  railroad  cut  two  miles  south  of  the  junction  of  the  North 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  47 

River  branch  of  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  with  the  main  Grays 
Harbor  branch,  in  Section  27,  Township  17  North,  Range  8  West. 

Horizon — Lower  Miocene;  Area  montereyana  Zone. 

GENUS   CHRYSODOMUS   SWAINS 

CHRYSODOMUS   LINCOLNENSIS  n.   sp. 

Plate  V,  Figure  86 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size;  spire  short;  whorls  six;  suture  distinct 
but  not  channeled;  all  the  whorls  are  angulated  and  upon  the  angles  are  small 
nodes;  body  whorl  large  and  somewhat  elongate;  a  prominent  angulation  exists 
upon  it  just  above  the  middle  portion;  between  this  angulation  and  the  suture  the 
upper  surface  is  very  slightly  concave  and  merges  into  the  lower  surface  of  first 
whorl  of  spire  as  a  continuous  surface  so  that  the  suture  appears  merely  as  a  line; 
middle  and  lower  portion  of  body  whorl  evenly  rounded;  surface  sculptured  by 
prominent  revolving  ribs ;  there  are  four  of  these  on  the  upper  surface  of  the 
whorl,  three  on  the  middle  portion  and  eleven  below ;  between  the  ribs  are  broad 
flat  interspaces  three  times  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  within  the  interspaces  are  set 
one  to  three  fine  revolving  threads ;  the  revolving  ribs  are  crossed  by  fifteen  longi- 
tudinal ribs  which  are  well  developed  on  the  middle  portion  of  each  whorl  but 
become  somewhat  obscure  on  the  upper  surface  and  entirely  disappear  on  the 
lower;  where  these  cross  the  angulated  areas  somewhat  flattened  nodes  are  pro- 
duced; very  minute  nodes  are  present  upon  the  more  prominent  revolving  ribs  on 
the  middle  portion  of  the  shell.  Outer  lip  thick  but  smooth ;  inner  lip  heavily 
callused;  callus  extends  out  some  distance  on  to  the  surface  of  the  body  whorl; 
but  is  so  thin  that  the  sculpture  of  it  shows  plainly  through.  Canal  twice  as  long 
as  spire  and  slightly  reflexed  at  anterior  end;  moderately  deep  and  faintly  chan- 
neled. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  12  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  5  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  5  mm.;  angle  of  spire  50°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 


CHRYSODOMUS  PACKARD,  n.  sp. 
Plate  IV,  Figures  57  and  58 

Description — Shell  small,  thick  and  elongate-ovate;  whorls  five  to  six  in  num- 
ber, tabulated  and  ornamented  with  both  revolving  and  longitudinal  ribs;  there  is 
a  prominenet  angle  near  the  upper  portion  of  each  whorl;  surface  above  angle 


18  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.    1 

very  slightly  concave  and  sculptured  by  five  narrow,  rounded  revolving  ribs  be- 
tween each  of  which  there  are  flat  botttomed  interspaces  of  double  their  width ; 
on  the  angulated  portion  of  each  whorl  there  are  three  cord  like  revolving  ribs 
with  interspaces  of  equal  width ;  immediately  below  the  angle  there  are  ten  ribs 
with  flat  surfaced  interspaces  three  to  four  times  wider  than  the  ribs ;  near  the  an- 
terior end  of  the  whorl  the  ribs  become  fainter  and  closer  together.  The  revolving 
ribs  are  crossed  by  13  longitudinal  ribs  which  produce  prominent  nodes  on  the 
angulated  portion  of  the  whorls  but  are  only  faintly  noticeable  above  and  below 
the  angles.  Aperture  sub-oval;  outer  lip  arcuate  and  thin;  inner  lip  smooth;  col- 
umella  short  and  curved  with  two  moderately  developed  plications  and  a  small 
anterior  sulcus. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  9  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  4  mm. ;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  7  mm.;  angle  of  spire  55°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


GENUS  STREPSIDURA  SWAINS 

STREPSIDURA  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.   sp. 

Plate  V,  Figures  81,  82  and  83 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size  with  six  and  one-half  whorls ;  spire  mod- 
erately elongate  and  about  four-fifths  as  long  as  the  body  whorl;  body  whorl 
sculptured  with  two  well  pronounced  revolving  ridges  and  a  third  one  less  well 
defined  and  situated  anterior  to  the  other  two.  Suture  distinct;  upper  portion  of 
body  whorl  tabulated  and  slightly  concave;  surface  between  the  two  revolving 
ridges  very  slightly  concave;  revolving  ribs  crossed  by  twelve  well  defined  longitud- 
inal ribs  which  begin  upon  the  upper  surface  of  whorl  a  short  distance  from  the 
suture  and  extend  over  the  entire  surface  until  within  a  short  distance  of  the  end 
of  the  canal;  sharp  angular  nodes  are  developed  at  the  points  where  they  cross  the 
three  revolving  ridges;  upper  surface  of  whorl  sculptured  with  15  revolving 
threads  between  each  of  which  there  is  a  flat  surfaced  interspace  of  equal  width; 
there  are  seven  similar  revolving  threads  on  the  middle  of  the  whorl  and  between 
each  a  very  broad  interspace  within  which  is  set  a  minute  revolving  thread;  ante- 
rior portion  contains  15  revolving  threads  with  interspaces  three  times  as  wide. 
All  the  whorls  of  spire  distinctly  sculptured;  aperture  sub-elliptical;  outer  lip  rel- 
atively thin  and  smooth;  inner  lip  heavily  callused,  posterior  end  of  aperture  broad; 
anterior  end  narrow  and  extended  into  an  elongated  and  reflected  canal;  a  well 
defined  fascicle  is  present;  plications  are  absent  on  inner  lip. 

— This  species  is  close  to  Strepsidura  oregonensis  Dall.     It  differs  in  that 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  49 

all  specimens  have  a  much  higher  spire;  twelve  instead  of  nineteen  longitudinal 
ribs ;  in  the  spacing  and  general  character  of  the  revolving  threads  and  the  presence 
of  a  non-ornamented  band  just  posterior  to  the  siphonal  fascicle  at  end  of  canal. 
Each  whorl  of  the  spire  is  about  twice  as  high  as  in  the  case  of  Strepsidura  oregon- 
ensis. 

It  differs  from  S.  calif 'arnica  in  the  character  of  the  finer  ornamentation  and 
the  longitudinal  ribbing. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  34  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  12  mm.;  maximum  diam- 
eter of  shell  21  mm.;  angle  of  spire  60°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


STREPSIDURA   LINCOLNENSIS   n.   sp. 
Plate  IV,  Figures  62  and  63 

Description — Shell  of  medium  size,  spire  short  and  canal  moderately  elongate; 
whorls  six  in  number,  the  body  whorl  being  exceptionally  large;  upper  portion  of 
each  whorl  is  angulated  and  surface  above  the  angle  is  very  slightly  concave  and 
merges  gradually  into  the  surface  below  the  angle  of  the  whorl  above;  surface 
sculptured  by  four  square  topped  ribs  above  the  angle  with  broad  flat  bottomed 
interspaces  of  triple  width  within  which  are  three  to  five  revolving  threads ;  middle 
portion  of  surface  below  angle  has  three  well  defined  revolving  ribs  and  the  inter- 
spaces are  set  with  two  or  three  minor  ribs ;  lower  part  of  body  whorl  sculptured 
with  ten  very  prominent  ribs  with  interspaces  of  double  width  each  of  which  is 
set  with  a  single  small  revolving  thread ;  revolving  ribs  are  crossed  by  fourteen 
longitudinal  ribs  which  are  well  defined  on  middle  portion  of  whorl  but  somewhat 
obscure  on  upper  and  lower  portions.  Aperture  semi-elliptical;  anterior  end  ex- 
tended into  a  somewhat  elongate  slightly  twisted  canal ;  outer  lip  thick ;  inner  lip 
heavily  callused  with  the  callus  extending  over  a  portion  of  the  ornamented  sur- 
face of  shell  but  so  thin  that  the  ornamentation  shows  distinctly  through;  no  plica- 
tions are  present  on  the  inner  lip  or  columela. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  41  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  10  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  26  mm.;  angle  of  spire  65°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 


50  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

GENUS  MOLOPOPHOROUS   GABB 

MoLOPOPHOROUS    LINCOLNENSIS    n.    Sp. 

Plate  IV,  Figures  60  and  61 

Description — Shell  small,  solid  with  four  and  one-half  whorls ;  spire  about 
one-third  the  length  of  body  whorl;  apex  of  spire  usually  smooth;  body  whorl 
moderately  convex  and  upper  margin  developed  into  a  cord  like  ridge  which  is 
entirely  free  from  nodes  and  situated  just  below  the  suture;  surface  of  body 
whorl  slopes  down  very  sharply  from  the  collar  and  develops  a  rather  pronounced 
concave  constriction  just  above  the  convex  portion  of  whorl.  Suture  well  defined 
and  deep;  sculpture  of  shell  consists  almost  entirely  of  fairly  defined  longitudinal 
lines  of  growth  together  with  nine  axial  ribs  confined  chiefly  to  the  middle  portion 
of  the  whorl;  nodes  are  entirely  absent.  Aperture  semi-elliptical;  outer  lip  smooth; 
inner  lip  covered  with  well  marked  callus;  anterior  end  of  aperture  extended  into 
a  short  canal  moderately  excavated  and  deeply  notched  and  recurved  so  as  to 
form  a  strong  siphonal  fasciole. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  25  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  5  mm.;  maximum  di- 
ameter of  shell  14  mm.;  angle  of  spire  62°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Paleontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 


GENUS  CANCELLARIA  LAMARCK 
CANCELLARIA  WYNOOTCHENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  IV,  Figures  51,  52  53  and  54 

Description — Shell  of  moderate  size,  solid  with  five  whorls;  spire  about  equal 
in  length  to  body  whorl  and  canal;  whorls  convex  and  sub-tabulated  on  upper  sur- 
face; suture  distinct  and  slightly  channelel;  surface  moderately  reticulate  and 
ornamented  by  twenty-two  prominent  longitudinal  ribs  which  are  equally  devel- 
oped on  whorls  of  spire  as  well  as  on  the  body  whorl;  on  the  latter  they  extend 
to  the  end  of  the  canal;  on  the  body  whorl  the  longitudinal  ribs  are  crossed  by 
fifteen  distinct  revolving  ribs  and  alternating  with  each  of  these  are  fine  revolving 
threads.  Aperture  semi-elliptical;  outer  lip  not  determinable ;  inner  lip  heavily 
callused;  canal  short  and  slightly  deflected  outwards;  two  rather  distinct  plications 
are  present  on  the  lower  end  of  the  collumela;  canal  short  and  twisted  to  left  with 
siphonal  fasciole. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  27  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  11  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  16  mm.;  angle  of  spire  60°. 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  51 

Occurrence — From  shaly  sandstone  in  east  bluff  of  Wynoochee  River  one-half 
mile  below  mouth  of  Bitter  Creek  in  Section  33,  Township  18  North,  Range  8 
West.  At  locality  229  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Collection). 

Horizon — Lower  Miocene;  Area  montereyana  Zone. 

CANCELLARIA  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  V,  Figures  77  and  78 

Description — Shell  small  and  thin  with  six  very  strongly  tabulated  whorls ; 
spire  moderately  high;  whorls  angulated  a  short  distance  below  suture;  upper  slope 
of  whorl  makes  an  angle  of  110°  with  lower  portion  and  is  nearly  at  right  angles 
to  axis  of  spire;  surface  of  upper  slope  nearly  flat  and  sculptured  by  six  nearly 
flat  topped  moderately  developed  revolving  ribs ;  between  these  are  somewhat 
wider  interspaces  each  of  which  is  set  within  a  minute  revolving  thread ;  on  the 
angulated  portion  of  whorl  there  are  three  closely  set  revolving  ribs  a  little  better 
developed  than  those  on  the  surface  above;  on  the  surface  below  the  angle 
there  are  twenty  revolving  ribs  with  interspaces  of  double  width  and  each  set  with 
a  fine  revolving  thread;  twenty- four  moderately  developed  longitudinal  ribs  cross 
the  revolving  ribs;  these  are  distinct  over  the  entire  surface  of  the  whorls  except 
above  the  angle  and  below  the  suture;  aperture  elongate-elliptical;  posterior  end 
of  aperture  truncated  giving  a  sub-rectangular  outline;  outer  lip  thin  and  smooth; 
inner  lip  slightly  callused;  plications  are  absent  on  the  collumela;  canal  of  mod- 
erate length,  slightly  reflexed  and  with  a  small  anterior  sulcus  . 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  1 1  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  5  mm. ;  maximum  di- 
ameter of  shell  6  mm. ;  angle  of  spire  54°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W  .R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost   Oligocene;   Molopophorous   lincolnensis   Zone. 

GENUS  EXILIA 

ExiLIA    LINCOLNENSIS   n.    Sp. 

Plate  IV,  Figures  49  and  50 

Description — Shell  large,  slender,  fusiform  and  having  nine  and  one-half  to 
ten  whorls;  spire  high  and  apex  very  acute;  whorls  moderately  angulated,  the 
angle  being  situated  about  one-third  the  length  of  the  whorl  from  the  suture;  on 
the  body  whorl  there  is  developed  a  very  faint  angle  on  the  middle  of  the  lower 
half;  the  surface  of  the  middle  of  the  whorl  between  the  upper  and  lower  angles 
is  very  slightly  concave ;  surface  of  whorl  between  posterior  angle  and  suture  is  very 
convex;  suture  distinct;  shell  ornamented  by  eleven  longitudinal  ribs 


52  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

which  are  very  prominent  on  the  posterior  surfaces  and  angulated  portions  of 
whorls  but  which  become  obscure  on  the  anterior  half  of  the  body  whorl ;  posterior 
slope  of  whorl  between  suture  and  angle  is  ornamented  by  three  well  defined 
rounded  revolving  ribs  with  interspaces  of  double  width ;  three  similar  ribs  occur 
upon  the  angulated  areas  and  four  on  the  surface  between  the  posterior  and  anterior 
angulations;  surface  of  body  whorl  below  anterior  angle  ornamented  by  twenty- 
five  well  defined  ribs ;  intervening  revolving  threads  are  entirely  absent  from  the 
ornamentation  of  this  species.  Aperture  elongate-oval;  canal  long,  deep  and 
straight;  outer  lip  simple;  inner  lip  slightly  callused. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  35  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  21  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  8  mm. ;  angle  of  spire  20°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;   Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 

GENUS    TURRIS    BOLTEN 
TuRRIS    CLALLAMENSIS  n.    Sp. 

Plate  IV,  Figure  59 

Description — Shell  large  and  solid  with  nine  or  ten  whorls  which  are  mod- 
erately inflated ;  each  whorl  is  sharply  angulated  by  well  defined  carniae  at  or 
just  a  little  below  the  central  portions;  immediately  below  the  posterior  carina  or 
angle  a  second  less  well  developed  angle  is  present  which  is  more  conspicuous  on 
the  body  whorl  and  less  well  upon  the  whorls  of  the  spire;  surface  of  whorls 
above  angle  slightly  concave;  suture  distinct;  surface  of  body  whorls  below  angles 
ornamented  by  sixteen  revolving  ribs  which  are  crossed  by  numerous  closely  set 
longitudinal  lines  of  growth.  Aperture  very  narrow;  inner  lip  smooth  and  cal- 
lused ;  outer  lip  smooth ;  canal  elongate  and  straight. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  85  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  38  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  28  mm.;  angle  of  spire  30°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  258  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) one  half  mile  west  of  Twin  River,  Clallam  County,  in  Section  22,  Town- 
ship 31  North,  Range  10  West. 

Horizon — Lower    Miocene ;    Area    montereyana    Zone. 

TURRIS  WYNOOCHEENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  V,  Figure  65 

Description — Shell  small  and  solid  with  five  and  one-half  whorls,  each  of 
which  is  sharply  angulated;  spire  of  about  same  length  as  body  of  whorl;  body 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  53 

whorl  sculptured  with  nine  distinct  revolving  ribs  below  the  angle  and  within  the 
interspaces  there  is  a  fine  revolving  thread;  between  the  last  upper  revolving  rib 
and  the  angulated  portion  of  the  whorl  there  are  five  closely  set  very  inconspicuous 
revolving  threads ;  between  the  angle  and  suture  there  are  ten  similar  lines ;  this  or- 
namentation is  crossed  by  numerous  closely  set  lines  of  growth  which  conform 
to  the  slightly  developed  posterior  sinus;  on  the  angle  of  each  whorl  there  are 
thirteen  prominent  nodes  which  disappear  above  and  eblow.  Aperture  moderately 
wide;  outer  lip  sharp;  inner  lip  slightly  callused;  canal  slightly  extended  with 
well  defined  sinus  at  the  end;  upper  margin  of  each  whorl  developed  into  a  collar 
which  partly  covers  the  suture;  angle  of  the  body  whorl  very  close  to  the  suture. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  23  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  1 1  mm. ;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  8  mm.;  angle  of  spire  37°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  229  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  shaly  sandstone  on  the  east  bluff  of  Wynoochee  River  one  half  mile 
below  mouth  of  Bitter  Creek  in  Section  35,  Township  18  North,  Range  8  West. 

Horizon — Lower  Miocene ;  Area  montereyana  Zone. 


TURRIS   KINCAIDI  n.   Sp. 

Plate  V,  Figure  67 

Description — Shell  small  and  turreted;  whorls  eight  in  number;  the  middle 
portion  of  the  surface  of  each  whorl  is  ornamented  with  a  revolving  keel  along 
the  angle;  the  upper  surface  of  each  above  the  angle  is  nearly  smooth  except  for 
faintly  developed  revolving  striae ;  angulated  portion  sculptured  by  three  cord  like 
rounded  ribs  with  narrower  grooved  interspaces ;  lower  portion  of  body  whorl  with 
fourteen  similar  cord  like  rounded  ribs  but  with  narrower  grooved  interspaces ; 
the  whorls  are  ornamented  in  addition  by  nineteen  longitudinal  ribs  which  form 
nodes  on  the  angulated  portions  of  the  whorls  but  which  become  obscure  above 
and  below  the  angles ;  the  numerous  fine  lines  of  growth  exhibit  the  sharp  curva- 
ture characteristic  of  the  posterior  sinus ;  suture  distinct ;  aperture  sub-pyriform ; 
outer  lip  thin ;  inner  lip  callused  and  with  a  faint  groove  separating  the  ornamented 
portion  of  the  whorl  from  the  callused  area ;  canal  moderately  elongate  and  nearly 
straight. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  22  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  13  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  11  mm.;  angle  of  spire  37°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene ;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


54  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

TURRIS    DICKERSONI    n.    Sp. 

Plate  V,  Figure  66 

Description — Shell  small  and  elongate ;  whorls  ten  in  number  and  angular ; 
spire  elevated  and  conical;  upper  surface  of  whorls  concave  and  ornamented  by 
very  faintly  developed  revolving  ribs ;  a  prominent  keel  is  developed  upon  the 
angulated  portion  of  each  whorl  and  this  is  sculptured  by  three  rounded  ribs  with 
interspaces  of  equal  width ;  about  thirty  similar  ribs  are  present  on  the  lower  sur- 
face of  the  body  whorl ;  longitudinal  sculpture  represented  by  moderately  devel- 
oped lines  of  growth  which  conform  to  the  posterior  sinus.  Aperture  sub-pyriform ; 
outer  lip  thin ;  inner  lip  callused  wi  h  a  noticeable  groove  separating  the  callus 
from  ornamented  portion  of  the  whorl ;  canal  of  moderate  length ;  deeply  channeled 
and  nearly  straight. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  18  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  10  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  7  mm.;  angle  of  spire  35°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Paleontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;   Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 

TURRIS  THURSTONENSIS  n.  sp. 
Plate  V,  Figures  79  and  80 

Description — Shell  small  and  moderately  elongated  with  seven  whorls,  all  of 
which  are  ornamented;  there  are  three  revolving  folds  upon  the  body  whorl; 
posterior  surface  of  whorls  at  suture  nearly  at  right  angles  to  axis  of  spire;  middle 
portion  of  surface  nearly  at  right  angles  to  posterior  surface  and  forming  a  sharply 
angulated  ridge ;  from  this  ridge  the  surface  is  slightly  concave  to  the  broadly 
rounded  middle  angle  of  whorl;  between  the  middle  and  anterior  angles  there  is 
a  narrow  flat  surfaced  groove  containing  a  single  faint  revolving  rib ;  anterior 
surface  of  whorl  sculptured  by  ten  poorly  defined  revolving  ribs  and  interspaces 
of  equal  width;  longitudinal  ribs  are  absent  with  the  exception  of  wavy  lines  of 
growth  which  conform  to  the  curvature  of  the  posterior  sinus.  Aperture  moderately 
elongate  and  slightly  wider  posteriorly  than,  anteriorly;  anterior  end  opens  in 
form  of  a  wide  but  slightly  twisted  canal;  outer  lip  smooth;  inner  lip  very  slightly 
callused  and  containing  a  well  defined  axial  groove  extending  from  the  end  of 
the  canal  to  the  posterior  end  of  the  aperture;  the  surface  of  the  whorl  extends  up 
sharply  to  and  terminates  at  the  groove. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  17  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  11  mm.;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  6  mm.;  angle  of  spire  35°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256    (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 


1916]  Weaver:  Tertiary  Faunal  Horizons  55 

lection)   in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.   R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section   27,   Township   15   North,   Range   3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 

TURRIS    PACKARDI    n.    Sp. 

Plate  V,  Figure  64 

Description — Shell  small  and  fusiform ;  spire  moderately  elevated  and  about 
one  and  two-fifths  as  long  as  the  canal;  whorls  eight  in  number  and  very  angular; 
a  well  developed  keel  is  present  upon  the  angulated  area  of  each  whorl ;  surface 
of  whorl  above  angle  is  very  slightly  concave  and  ornamented  by  very  faint  re- 
volving lines ;  the  middle  portion  of  each  whorl  has  two  very  prominent  revolving 
cord  like  ribs  with  very  narrow  groove  like  interspaces ;  anterior  surface  of  body 
whorl  sculptured  with  13  revolving  ribs  which  are  less  well  defined  than  those 
upon  the  middle  portion;  interspaces  on  lower  portion  very  narrow;  lines  of  growth 
quite  prominent  and  conforming  to  the  outline  of  the  posterior  sinus.  Suture  dis- 
tinct ;  aperture  sub-pyriform ;  canal  of  moderate  length  and  deeply  channeled. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  24  mm. ;  altitude  of  spire  9  mm. ;  maximum 
diameter  of  shell  11  mm.;  angle  of  spire  42°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon- — Lowermost  Oligocene ;  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  Zone. 
GENUS  ACTEOCINA  GRAY 

ACTEOCINA    CHEHALISENSIS   n.    Sp. 

Plate  IV,  Figures  55  and  56 

Description — Shell  small  and  moderately  elongate;  spire  about  one-fifth  as 
long  as  body  whorl  and  consisting  of  four  whorls;  surface  of  body  whorl  sculp- 
tured by  thirty-two  nearly  flat  topped  revolving  ribs  with  interspaces,  every  alter- 
nating one  of  which  is  twice  as  wide  as  the  ribs;  suture  distinct;  aperture  narrow 
behind  and  wide  in  front ;  outer  lip  smooth ;  inner  lip  callused  with  the  callus  ex- 
tending around  the  anterior  end  of  the  non-channeled  canal;  a  very  faintly  devel- 
oped groove  extends  around  the  base  of  the  body  whorl. 

Dimensions — Altitude  of  shell  10  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  3  mm.;  maximum  di- 
ameter of  shell  6  mm.;  angle  of  spire  50°. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  27,  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost    Oligocene ;    Molopophorous    lincolnensis    Zone. 


56  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.   1 

GENUS  SCAPHANDER  MONTF. 

SCAPHANDER  WASHINGTONENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  V,  Figure  68 

Description — Shell  ranging  from  small  to  moderate  in  size  for  the  genus  and 
somewhat  elongate ;  posterior  end  slightly  attenuated ;  apex  imperf orate ;  outer  lip 
produced  considerably  above  it;  aperture  moderately  broad  at  posterior  end  but 
much  more  so  at  anterior;  all  specimens  of  the  species  show  a  very  well  defined 
callus  on  the  inner  lip  as  well  as  on  the  anterior  end  of  the  canal;  outer  lip  re- 
flected completely  back  upon  itself;  pillar  arcuate;  surface  of  shell  ornamented  by 
sixty  to  sixty-five  flat  topped  revolving  ribs;  the  interspaces  averaging  about 
the  same  width  on  the  posterior  half  of  the  shell  but  on  the  anterior  half  become 
only  half  as  wide. 

Dimensions — Altitude   of   shell    17   mm.;   maximum   diameter   of  shell    10  mm. 

Occurrence — At  locality  256  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) in  railway  cuts  on  the  O.-W.  R.  R.  &  N.  Co.  one  fourth  mile  northwest 
of  Lincoln  Creek  Station  in  Section  26.  Township  15  North,  Range  3  West. 

Horizon — Lowermost  Oligocene;   Molopophorus  lincolnensis   Zone. 


PLATES 


[57] 


EXPLANATION   OF   PLATE   I 

All  figures  approximately  natural  size 

Fig.      1.     Pitria  dalli  n.  sp.    An  inner  view  of  specimen  of  left  valve p.  41 

Fig.     2.     Pitaria  dalli  n.  sp.  -   An  outer  view  of  specimen  of  left  valve p.  41 

Fig.     3.     Pitria  dalli  n.  sp.     An  inner  view  of  specimen  of  right  valve p.  41 

Fig.     4.     Pitria  dalli  n.  sp.     An  anterior  view  of  shell  showing  lunule p.  41 

Fig.     5.      Ostraea  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  valve p.  36 

Fig.     6.     Ostraea  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  valve p.  36 

Fig.     7.     Crassatellites  merriami  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  36 

Fig.      8.     Crassatellites  merriami  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  right  valve p.  38 


[58] 


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[Weaver]   Vol.  1,  PI.  1 


[59] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  II 

All  figures  approximately  natural  size 

Fig.     9.      Solen  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  right  valve p.  43 

Fig.   10.     Solen  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  left  valve p.  43 

Fig.    11.     Solen  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  43 

Fig.   12.     Solen  lincolnensis  n.  sp p.  43 

Fig.   13.     Callocallista  arnoldi  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  40 

Fig.   14.      Tellina  cowlitzensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  42 

Fig.   15.      Crassatellites  dalli  n.  sp.     Anterior  end  view  showing  lunule p.  39 

Fig.   16.      Crassatellites  dalli  n.  sp.     Posterior  view  showing  escutcheon p.   39 

Fig.    17.      Crassatellites  dalli  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  left  valve p.  39 

Fig.   18.     Crassatellites  dalli  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  39 

Fig.   19.     Pandora  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.   37 

Fig.   20.      Pandora  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.   37 


[60] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver]  Vol.  1,  PL  2 


[61] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  III 

All  figures  one  and  two-thirds  natural  size 

Fig.  21      Macrocallista  pittsburgensis  Dall.     Inner  view  of  right  valve p.  28 

Fig.   22.     Macrocallista  pittsburgensis  Dall.     Inner  view  of  left  valve p.  28 

Fig.   23.     Leda  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  35 

Fig.   24.      Leda  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  left  valve p.  35 

Fig.  25.     Leda  washingtonensis  n.  sp.    Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  34 

Fig.   26.     Leda  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  left  valve p.  34 

Fig.  27.     Nucula  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Dorsal  view p.  34 

Fig.   28.      Nucula  washingtonensis  n.  sp p.  34 

Fig.   29.      Nucula  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  34 

Fig.   30.      Tellina  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  42 

Fig.   31.      Crassatellites  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  38 

Fig.   32.     Crassatelllites  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  38 

Fig.   33.      Crassatellites  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  left  valve p.  38 

Fig.   34.      Glycimeris  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  valve p.  35 

Fig.   35.      Glycimeris  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  valve p.  35 

Fig.  36.      Cardium  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  valve p.  40 

Fig.   37.      Cardium  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Inner  view  of  valve p.  40 

Fig.   38.     Ficus  wynoochensis  n.  sp p.  45 

Fig.   39.     Ficus  wynoochensis  n.  sp.     Posterior  view   p.  45 

Fig.   40.  Crenella  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  valve.     Fig.  x8.  .  .  .p.  37 

Fig.  41.      Crenella  porterensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  36 

Fig.   42.      Crenella  porterensis  n.  sp.     Outer  view  of  left  valve p.  36 

Fig.   43.      Acila  schumard  Dall.     Outer  view  of  right  valve p.  28 

Fig.  44.      Calyptraea  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Anterior  view p.  44 

[62] 


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[Weaver]  Vol.  1,  PI.  3 


[63] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  IV 

All  figures  one  and  two-thirds  natural  size 

• 

Fig.  45.  Turris  washingtonianus  Weaver p.  30 

Fig.  46.  Epitonium  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view   p.  43 

Fig.  47.  Epitonium  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view    p.  43 

Fig.  48.  Drilia  hecoxi  (Arnold).     Front  view p.  30 

Fig.  49.  Exilia  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  51 

Fig.  50.  Exilia  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Front  view    p.  51 

Fig.  51.  Cancellaria  wynoochensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.  50 

Fig.  52.  Cancellaria  wynoochensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  50 

Fig.  53.  Cancetllaria  wynoochensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  50 

Fig.  54.  Cancellaria  wynoochensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view    p.  50 

Fig.  55.  Acteocina  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Front  view    p.  55 

Fig.  56.  Acteocina  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p-  55 

Fig.  57.  Chrysodomus  packardi  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  47 

Fig.  58.  Chrysodomus  packardi  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.  47 

Fig.  59.  Turris  clallamensis  n.  sp.     Front  view   P-  52 

Fig.  60.  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.  50 

Fig.  61.  Molopophorous  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Front  view P-  50 

Fig.  62.  Strepsidura  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view P-  49 

Fig.  63.  Strepsidura  licolnensis  n.  sp.     Front  view P-  49 


[64] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver]   Vol.  1,  PI.  4 


[65] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  V 
All  figures  one  and  two-thirds  natural  size 

Fig.  64.      Turris  paskardi  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.  55 

Fig.   65.      Turris  wynoochensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view    p.   52 

Fig.   66.     Turris  dickersoni  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   54 

Fig.  67.      Turris  kincaidi  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   55 

Fig.  68.     Scaphander  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view    p.   56 

Fig.   69.     Nassa  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  46 

Fig.  70.     Nassa  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.  46 

Fig.  71.     Natica  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Front  view    p.  44 

Fig.  72.     Natica  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  44 

Fig.   73.     Natica  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.  44 

Fig.   74.     Natica  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   44 

Fig.  75.     Natica  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view   p.  44 

Fig.  76.     Natica  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.  44 

Fig.  77.      Cancellaria  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   51 

Fig.   78.     Cancellaria  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.   51 

Fig.   79.      Turris  thurstonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   54 

Fig.   80.      Turris  thurstonensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.   54 

Fig.   81.      Strepsidura  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   50 

Fig.   82.     Strepsidura  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view p.   50 

Fig.    83.      Strepsidura  washingtonensis  n.  sp.     Front  view p.   50 

Fig.   84.      Ficus  chehalisensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view P-  46 

Fig.   85.     Mesalia  lincolnensis  n.  sp.     Rear  view   p.  45 

Fig.   86.      Chrysodomus  lincolnensis  n.  sp P-   47 


[66] 


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John  B.  Reeside,  Jr. 
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UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA,   SANTA  CRUZ 

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